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Displaying items 9,921 to 9,940 of 10,857
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  1. Double-door railroad freight car with brakeman’s cabin of the type used to transport victims throughout the Nazi camp system

    1. Institute of National Remembrance collection

    Association type 2 (A2), Gedeckter (G, covered) freight wagon owned by the Deutsche Reichsbahn (DR, German National Railway), one of several types used to transport victims through the Nazi camp system and to killing centers during the Holocaust. The car, numbered 31599, is a 15T (rated to carry 15 tons), equipped with a brakeman’s box, making it a Karlsruhe class wagon. The cars continued to be used after World War II, and as parts on the cars degraded, they were replaced with others from a variety of manufacturers. A2 railcars were produced from 1910-1927, and were originally used to tran...

  2. Pin commemorating a Hungarian Jewish Holocaust survivor’s receipt of the Congressional Medal of Honor

    1. Rubin and Huntly families collection

    Pin-backed button commemorating Tibor Rubin's receipt of the United States Congressional Medal of Honor on September 23, 2005. He received the award 55 years after first being nominated by fellow soldiers. Tibor earned the medal for extraordinary heroism in battle, and his efforts to help save the lives of 40 fellow prisoners of war during the Korean War (1950-1953). Tibor’s actions during four months of battle and 30 months of imprisonment were shaped, in part, by his experiences as a Holocaust survivor. In November 1940, when Hungary became an official German ally, 11-year-old Tibor lived...

  3. Leon and Rebeka Ilutovich collection

    1. Leon and Rebeka Ilutovich collection

    The Leon and Rebeka Ilutovich collection focuses on the wartime experiences of Leon Ilultovich in Poland, Lithuania, Japan, and Shanghai, China. Materials in the collection include correspondence, visas, travel documents, medical records, identification records, newspapers, printed notices, ephemera, photographs, and photograph albums. The collection also includes photographs of the Ilutovich, Lindenbaum, and Landau families in Poland. The collection contains extensive biographical materials relating to Leon Ilutovich. These materials include identification documents, school records, medica...

  4. Plastic eyeglass frames, temple and lenses worn by a Jewish concentration camp inmate

    1. Karl Schlesinger collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn43733
    • English
    • a: Height: 1.875 inches (4.763 cm) | Width: 4.500 inches (11.43 cm) | Depth: 0.500 inches (1.27 cm) b: Height: 1.625 inches (4.128 cm) | Width: 4.250 inches (10.795 cm) | Depth: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm) c: Height: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm) | Width: 1.625 inches (4.128 cm) | Depth: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm) d: Height: 1.125 inches (2.858 cm) | Width: 5.000 inches (12.7 cm) | Depth: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm)

    Eyeglass frames, temple, and lenses worn by Karl Schlesinger while a prisoner in several concentration camps from May 1939, when he was 22, until April 1945. As he was processed for prison, a German civilian warned him not to wear his glasses so he hid them in his hands. The eyeglass bridge was repaired by a German civilian working in one camp. By May 1939, Karl had fled Nazi Germany for Belgium. He was imprisoned twice by the Belgians, first as an illegal Jewish refugee, then as a German spy. He was sent to a military hospital in France and when Germany occupied that country in June 1940, ...

  5. Silver-plated cup made in a slave labor camp and later engraved with Kato Ritter's name

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Silver-plated cup made in Peterswaldau slave labor camp where Kato (Ida) Ritter was a slave laborer from 1944-1945. She made timing devices for explosives. The timers would be placed in plastic covers attached to these decorative cups which held the explosives. People would want to pick up the cups, and removing the lid triggered an explosion. Kato was able to take one with her upon liberation. The cup was engraved in 1989 with a bible verse, her prisoner number, part of her name, place of birth, and the places and dates where she was imprisoned. Kato's husband, George, chose the Hebrew ins...

  6. Small linen square with an embroidered boy and a bird recovered by Kato Ritter from her neighbors

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Small, embroidered linen square depicting a boy and a bird returned to 20-year-old Kato Ritter by her Catholic neighbors, the Oppel family, in Vilmany, Hungary, in July 1945. Kato’s family gave the linen square to the Oppels to safeguard prior to their deportation during World War II (1939-1945). It was embroidered in prewar Hungary. Nazi-controlled Germany occupied Hungary in March 1944, and one week later, 19-year-old Kato, her parents, David and Gizella, and her 17-year-old sister, Julianna, were deported from Vilmany to the Jewish ghetto in Košice, Czechoslovakia (now Košice, Slovakia)....

  7. Small linen square with an embroidered girl recovered by Kato Ritter from her neighbors

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Small, embroidered linen square depicting a girl holding a box returned to 20-year-old Kato Ritter by her Catholic neighbors, the Oppel family, in Vilmany, Hungary, in July 1945. Kato’s family gave the linen square to the Oppels to safeguard prior to their deportation during World War II (1939-1945). It was embroidered in prewar Hungary. Nazi-controlled Germany occupied Hungary in March 1944, and one week later, 19-year-old Kato, her parents, David and Gizella, and her 17-year-old sister, Julianna, were deported from Vilmany to the Jewish ghetto in Košice, Czechoslovakia (now Košice, Slovak...

  8. Embroidery sampler depicting a woman and a cat recovered by Kato Ritter from her neighbors

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Embroidery sampler returned to 20-year-old Kato Ritter by her Catholic neighbors, the Oppel family, in Vilmany, Hungary, in July 1945. Kato’s family gave the sample to the Oppels to safeguard prior to their deportation during World War II (1939-1945). It was embroidered by Kato’s mother, Gizella Weissburg Ritter, in prewar Hungary. Nazi-controlled Germany occupied Hungary in March 1944, and one week later, 19-year-old Kato, her parents, David and Gizella, and her 17-year-old sister, Julianna, were deported from Vilmany to the Jewish ghetto in Košice, Czechoslovakia (now Košice, Slovakia). F...

  9. Large embroidered white pillowcase with scalloped edges recovered by Kato Ritter from her neighbors

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Pillowcase returned to 20-year-old Kato Ritter by her Catholic neighbors, the Oppel family, in Vilmany, Hungary, in July 1945. Kato’s family gave the pillowcase to the Oppels to safeguard prior to their deportation during World War II (1939-1945). It was embroidered by Kato’s mother, Gizella Weissburg Ritter, in prewar Hungary. Nazi-controlled Germany occupied Hungary in March 1944, and one week later, 19-year-old Kato, her parents, David and Gizella, and her 17-year-old sister, Julianna, were deported from Vilmany to the Jewish ghetto in Košice, Czechoslovakia (now Košice, Slovakia). From ...

  10. Large embroidered white pillowcase with scalloped edges recovered by Kato Ritter from her neighbors

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Pillowcase returned to 20-year-old Kato Ritter by her Catholic neighbors, the Oppel family, in Vilmany, Hungary, in July 1945. Kato’s family gave the pillowcase to the Oppels to safeguard prior to their deportation during World War II (1939-1945). It was embroidered by Kato’s mother, Gizella Weissburg Ritter, in prewar Hungary. Nazi-controlled Germany occupied Hungary in March 1944, and one week later, 19-year-old Kato, her parents, David and Gizella, and her 17-year-old sister, Julianna, were deported from Vilmany to the Jewish ghetto in Košice, Czechoslovakia (now Košice, Slovakia). From ...

  11. Large embroidered white pillowcase with scalloped edges recovered by Kato Ritter from her neighbors

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Pillowcase returned to 20-year-old Kato Ritter by her Catholic neighbors, the Oppel family, in Vilmany, Hungary, in July 1945. Kato’s family gave the pillowcase to the Oppels to safeguard prior to their deportation during World War II (1939-1945). It was embroidered by Kato’s mother, Gizella Weissburg Ritter, in prewar Hungary. Nazi-controlled Germany occupied Hungary in March 1944, and one week later, 19-year-old Kato, her parents, David and Gizella, and her 17-year-old sister, Julianna, were deported from Vilmany to the Jewish ghetto in Košice, Czechoslovakia (now Košice, Slovakia). From ...

  12. Large white pillowcase embroidered with a floral design recovered by Kato Ritter from her neighbors

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Pillowcase returned to 20-year-old Kato Ritter by her Catholic neighbors, the Oppel family, in Vilmany, Hungary, in July 1945. Kato’s family gave the pillowcase to the Oppels to safeguard prior to their deportation during World War II (1939-1945). It was embroidered in prewar Hungary. The Oppels removed the monogram from this, and other items, because they did not want to appear to have aided Jews if their home was raided. Nazi-controlled Germany occupied Hungary in March 1944, and one week later, 19-year-old Kato, her parents, David and Gizella, and her 17-year-old sister, Julianna, were d...

  13. Large white pillowcase embroidered with a floral design recovered by Kato Ritter from her neighbors

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Pillowcase returned to 20-year-old Kato Ritter by her Catholic neighbors, the Oppel family, in Vilmany, Hungary, in July 1945. Kato’s family gave the pillowcase to the Oppels to safeguard prior to their deportation during World War II (1939-1945). It was embroidered in prewar Hungary. The Oppels removed the monogram from this, and other items, because they did not want to appear to have aided Jews if their home was raided. Nazi-controlled Germany occupied Hungary in March 1944, and one week later, 19-year-old Kato, her parents, David and Gizella, and her 17-year-old sister, Julianna, were d...

  14. Large white pillowcase embroidered with a floral design recovered by Kato Ritter from her neighbors

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Pillowcase returned to 20-year-old Kato Ritter by her Catholic neighbors, the Oppel family, in Vilmany, Hungary, in July 1945. Kato’s family gave the pillowcase to the Oppels to safeguard prior to their deportation during World War II (1939-1945). It was embroidered in prewar Hungary. The Oppels removed the monogram from this, and other items, because they did not want to appear to have aided Jews if their home were raided. Nazi-controlled Germany occupied Hungary in March 1944, and one week later, 19-year-old Kato, her parents, David and Gizella, and her 17-year-old sister, Julianna, were ...

  15. Apron embroidered with a multicolored, floral garland recovered by Kato Ritter from her neighbors

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Colorful apron returned to 20-year-old Kato Ritter by her Catholic neighbors, the Oppel family, in Vilmany, Hungary, in July 1945. Kato’s family gave the apron to the Oppels to safeguard prior to their deportation during World War II (1939-1945). Kato's initials were originally monogrammed between the red triangles. The Oppels removed the monogram from this, and other items, because they did not want to appear to have aided Jews if their home were raided. Kato wove the linen for the apron from flax plants grown on her family’s farm, and embroidered it in 1939. The family made their own nood...

  16. Tablecloth embroidered with a blue bird and flower design recovered by Kato Ritter from her neighbors

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Counted cross-stitch tablecloth returned to 20-year-old Kato Ritter by her Catholic neighbors, the Oppel family, in Vilmany, Hungary, in July 1945. Kato’s family gave the tablecloth to the Oppels to safeguard prior to their deportation during World War II (1939-1945). It was embroidered in prewar Hungary. Nazi-controlled Germany occupied Hungary in March 1944, and one week later, 19-year-old Kato, her parents, David and Gizella, and her 17-year-old sister, Julianna, were deported from Vilmany to the Jewish ghetto in Košice, Czechoslovakia (now Košice, Slovakia). From there, they were transp...

  17. Fringed apron embroidered with a blue and orange geometric band recovered by Kato Ritter from her neighbors

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Colorful apron returned to 20-year-old Kato Ritter by her Catholic neighbors, the Oppel family, in Vilmany, Hungary, in July 1945. Kato’s family gave the apron to the Oppels to safeguard prior to their deportation during World War II (1939-1945). Kato wove the linen for the apron from flax plants grown on her family’s farm, and embroidered it in 1941. The family made their own noodles and, when doing so, always wore long aprons that covered them from their waist to their ankles. Nazi-controlled Germany occupied Hungary in March 1944, and one week later, 19-year-old Kato, her parents, David ...

  18. Table runner with a tatted and red embroidered design recovered by Kato Ritter from her neighbors

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Embroidered table runner returned to 20-year-old Kato Ritter by her Catholic neighbors, the Oppel family, in Vilmany, Hungary, in July 1945. Kato’s family gave the runner to the Oppels to safeguard prior to their deportation during World War II (1939-1945). Nazi-controlled Germany occupied Hungary in March 1944, and one week later, 19-year-old Kato, her parents, David and Gizella, and her 17-year-old sister, Julianna, were deported from Vilmany to the Jewish ghetto in Košice, Czechoslovakia (now Košice, Slovakia). From there, they were transported to Auschwitz-Birkenau killing center, where...

  19. Tablecloth embroidered with a multicolored floral design recovered by Kato Ritter from her neighbors

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Embroidered tablecloth returned to 20-year-old Kato Ritter by her Catholic neighbors, the Oppel family, in Vilmany, Hungary, in July 1945. Kato’s family gave the tablecloth to the Oppels to safeguard prior to their deportation during World War II (1939-1945). Nazi-controlled Germany occupied Hungary in March 1944, and one week later, 19-year-old Kato, her parents, David and Gizella, and her 17-year-old sister, Julianna, were deported from Vilmany to the Jewish ghetto in Košice, Czechoslovakia (now Košice, Slovakia). From there, they were transported to Auschwitz-Birkenau killing center, whe...

  20. Crocheted lace tablecloth with a rose and scrollwork design recovered by Kato Ritter from her neighbors

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Lace tablecloth returned to 20-year-old Kato Ritter by her Catholic neighbors, the Oppel family, in Vilmany, Hungary, in July 1945. Kato’s family gave the tablecloth to the Oppels to safeguard prior to their deportation during World War II (1939-1945). Nazi-controlled Germany occupied Hungary in March 1944, and one week later, 19-year-old Kato, her parents, David and Gizella, and her 17-year-old sister, Julianna, were deported from Vilmany to the Jewish ghetto in Košice, Czechoslovakia (now Košice, Slovakia). From there, they were transported to Auschwitz-Birkenau killing center, where ever...