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Displaying items 9,601 to 9,620 of 10,510
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Item type: Archival Descriptions

  1. Large embroidered white pillowcase with scalloped edges recovered by Kato Ritter from her neighbors

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Pillowcase returned to 20-year-old Kato Ritter by her Catholic neighbors, the Oppel family, in Vilmany, Hungary, in July 1945. Kato’s family gave the pillowcase to the Oppels to safeguard prior to their deportation during World War II (1939-1945). It was embroidered by Kato’s mother, Gizella Weissburg Ritter, in prewar Hungary. Nazi-controlled Germany occupied Hungary in March 1944, and one week later, 19-year-old Kato, her parents, David and Gizella, and her 17-year-old sister, Julianna, were deported from Vilmany to the Jewish ghetto in Košice, Czechoslovakia (now Košice, Slovakia). From ...

  2. Large embroidered white pillowcase with scalloped edges recovered by Kato Ritter from her neighbors

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Pillowcase returned to 20-year-old Kato Ritter by her Catholic neighbors, the Oppel family, in Vilmany, Hungary, in July 1945. Kato’s family gave the pillowcase to the Oppels to safeguard prior to their deportation during World War II (1939-1945). It was embroidered by Kato’s mother, Gizella Weissburg Ritter, in prewar Hungary. Nazi-controlled Germany occupied Hungary in March 1944, and one week later, 19-year-old Kato, her parents, David and Gizella, and her 17-year-old sister, Julianna, were deported from Vilmany to the Jewish ghetto in Košice, Czechoslovakia (now Košice, Slovakia). From ...

  3. Large white pillowcase embroidered with a floral design recovered by Kato Ritter from her neighbors

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Pillowcase returned to 20-year-old Kato Ritter by her Catholic neighbors, the Oppel family, in Vilmany, Hungary, in July 1945. Kato’s family gave the pillowcase to the Oppels to safeguard prior to their deportation during World War II (1939-1945). It was embroidered in prewar Hungary. The Oppels removed the monogram from this, and other items, because they did not want to appear to have aided Jews if their home was raided. Nazi-controlled Germany occupied Hungary in March 1944, and one week later, 19-year-old Kato, her parents, David and Gizella, and her 17-year-old sister, Julianna, were d...

  4. Large white pillowcase embroidered with a floral design recovered by Kato Ritter from her neighbors

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Pillowcase returned to 20-year-old Kato Ritter by her Catholic neighbors, the Oppel family, in Vilmany, Hungary, in July 1945. Kato’s family gave the pillowcase to the Oppels to safeguard prior to their deportation during World War II (1939-1945). It was embroidered in prewar Hungary. The Oppels removed the monogram from this, and other items, because they did not want to appear to have aided Jews if their home was raided. Nazi-controlled Germany occupied Hungary in March 1944, and one week later, 19-year-old Kato, her parents, David and Gizella, and her 17-year-old sister, Julianna, were d...

  5. Large white pillowcase embroidered with a floral design recovered by Kato Ritter from her neighbors

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Pillowcase returned to 20-year-old Kato Ritter by her Catholic neighbors, the Oppel family, in Vilmany, Hungary, in July 1945. Kato’s family gave the pillowcase to the Oppels to safeguard prior to their deportation during World War II (1939-1945). It was embroidered in prewar Hungary. The Oppels removed the monogram from this, and other items, because they did not want to appear to have aided Jews if their home were raided. Nazi-controlled Germany occupied Hungary in March 1944, and one week later, 19-year-old Kato, her parents, David and Gizella, and her 17-year-old sister, Julianna, were ...

  6. Apron embroidered with a multicolored, floral garland recovered by Kato Ritter from her neighbors

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Colorful apron returned to 20-year-old Kato Ritter by her Catholic neighbors, the Oppel family, in Vilmany, Hungary, in July 1945. Kato’s family gave the apron to the Oppels to safeguard prior to their deportation during World War II (1939-1945). Kato's initials were originally monogrammed between the red triangles. The Oppels removed the monogram from this, and other items, because they did not want to appear to have aided Jews if their home were raided. Kato wove the linen for the apron from flax plants grown on her family’s farm, and embroidered it in 1939. The family made their own nood...

  7. Tablecloth embroidered with a blue bird and flower design recovered by Kato Ritter from her neighbors

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Counted cross-stitch tablecloth returned to 20-year-old Kato Ritter by her Catholic neighbors, the Oppel family, in Vilmany, Hungary, in July 1945. Kato’s family gave the tablecloth to the Oppels to safeguard prior to their deportation during World War II (1939-1945). It was embroidered in prewar Hungary. Nazi-controlled Germany occupied Hungary in March 1944, and one week later, 19-year-old Kato, her parents, David and Gizella, and her 17-year-old sister, Julianna, were deported from Vilmany to the Jewish ghetto in Košice, Czechoslovakia (now Košice, Slovakia). From there, they were transp...

  8. Fringed apron embroidered with a blue and orange geometric band recovered by Kato Ritter from her neighbors

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Colorful apron returned to 20-year-old Kato Ritter by her Catholic neighbors, the Oppel family, in Vilmany, Hungary, in July 1945. Kato’s family gave the apron to the Oppels to safeguard prior to their deportation during World War II (1939-1945). Kato wove the linen for the apron from flax plants grown on her family’s farm, and embroidered it in 1941. The family made their own noodles and, when doing so, always wore long aprons that covered them from their waist to their ankles. Nazi-controlled Germany occupied Hungary in March 1944, and one week later, 19-year-old Kato, her parents, David ...

  9. Table runner with a tatted and red embroidered design recovered by Kato Ritter from her neighbors

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Embroidered table runner returned to 20-year-old Kato Ritter by her Catholic neighbors, the Oppel family, in Vilmany, Hungary, in July 1945. Kato’s family gave the runner to the Oppels to safeguard prior to their deportation during World War II (1939-1945). Nazi-controlled Germany occupied Hungary in March 1944, and one week later, 19-year-old Kato, her parents, David and Gizella, and her 17-year-old sister, Julianna, were deported from Vilmany to the Jewish ghetto in Košice, Czechoslovakia (now Košice, Slovakia). From there, they were transported to Auschwitz-Birkenau killing center, where...

  10. Tablecloth embroidered with a multicolored floral design recovered by Kato Ritter from her neighbors

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Embroidered tablecloth returned to 20-year-old Kato Ritter by her Catholic neighbors, the Oppel family, in Vilmany, Hungary, in July 1945. Kato’s family gave the tablecloth to the Oppels to safeguard prior to their deportation during World War II (1939-1945). Nazi-controlled Germany occupied Hungary in March 1944, and one week later, 19-year-old Kato, her parents, David and Gizella, and her 17-year-old sister, Julianna, were deported from Vilmany to the Jewish ghetto in Košice, Czechoslovakia (now Košice, Slovakia). From there, they were transported to Auschwitz-Birkenau killing center, whe...

  11. Crocheted lace tablecloth with a rose and scrollwork design recovered by Kato Ritter from her neighbors

    1. George and Katie Frankfurter collection

    Lace tablecloth returned to 20-year-old Kato Ritter by her Catholic neighbors, the Oppel family, in Vilmany, Hungary, in July 1945. Kato’s family gave the tablecloth to the Oppels to safeguard prior to their deportation during World War II (1939-1945). Nazi-controlled Germany occupied Hungary in March 1944, and one week later, 19-year-old Kato, her parents, David and Gizella, and her 17-year-old sister, Julianna, were deported from Vilmany to the Jewish ghetto in Košice, Czechoslovakia (now Košice, Slovakia). From there, they were transported to Auschwitz-Birkenau killing center, where ever...

  12. Yugoslav Orden za Hrabrost medal, ribbon, box, and certificate awarded to a Macedonian Jewish partisan woman

    1. Jamila Kolonomos collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn43729
    • English
    • 1939-1945
    • a: Height: 3.750 inches (9.525 cm) | Width: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm) | Depth: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm) b: Height: 5.125 inches (13.018 cm) | Width: 2.750 inches (6.985 cm) | Depth: 1.000 inches (2.54 cm) c: Height: 5.875 inches (14.923 cm) | Width: 8.250 inches (20.955 cm) d: Height: 0.375 inches (0.953 cm) | Width: 1.375 inches (3.493 cm) | Depth: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm)

    Yugoslav Order of Bravery medal set awarded to Jamila (Zamila) Kolonomos on June 3, 1947 in recognition of her efforts as a partisan fighter during World War II. The medal was instituted August 15, 1943 and was awarded to both military personnel and civilians for acts of bravery during World War II. The motto of the Yugoslavian partisan movement, “Death to fascism, freedom to the people” is embossed on the face. On April 6, 1941, the Axis powers, Germany, Italy, Hungary, and Bulgaria, invaded and partitioned Yugoslavia. The Macedonian region, including Bitola where Jamila and her family liv...

  13. Honor Cross of the World War 1914/1918 non-combatant veteran service buttonhole ribbon bar awarded to a German Jewish soldier

    1. Kurt Schlesinger family collection

    Buttonhole ribbon bar for the Honor Cross, non-combatants medal awarded to Kurt Schlesinger for his service in the German Army during World War I (1914-1918). The Honor, or Hindenburg, Cross was established by President von Hindenburg in July 1934. The medal was designed by Eugene Godet, and the ribbon bears a miniature version of the full scale award. It commemorated distinguished deeds in combat, and individuals had to apply to the government to receive it. On January 30, 1933, Adolf Hitler was elected Chancellor of Germany. Kurt and his second wife, Christine, were very concerned about H...

  14. World War I Honor & Iron Crosses buttonhole ribbon bar with Combatant’s swords awarded to a German Jewish soldier

    1. Kurt Schlesinger family collection

    Buttonhole ribbon bar for the Honor Cross, combatants and Iron Cross, 2nd class medals awarded to Kurt Schlesinger for his service in the German Army during World War I (1914-1918). The Honor, or Hindenburg, Cross was established by President von Hindenburg in July 1934. It commemorated distinguished deeds in combat, and individuals had to apply to the government to receive it. The Iron Cross was reinstated in August 1914, and awarded for bravery. On January 30, 1933, Adolf Hitler was elected Chancellor of Germany. Kurt and his second wife, Christine, were very concerned about Hitler’s poli...

  15. Zbigniew Antonii Piotrowski papers

    1. Zbigniew Antonii Piotrowski collection

    The Zbigniew Antonii Piotrowski papers consist of biographical materials and photographs documenting Zbigniew Piotrowski, his family’s life in Toruń and Gdynia before World War II and in Warsaw during the war, his father’s furniture workshops, his service on the MS Batory after the war, his immigration to the United States, and his service in the US Army Signal Corps in the 1950s. Biographical materials include Zbigniew’s birth certificate and student ID card; his parents’ marriage certificate; Warsaw shelter instructions; a postcard Zbigniew wrote from his hiding place in Trzebinia to his ...

  16. Forced labor badge worn by a Roman Catholic Polish youth

    1. Zbigniew Antonii Piotrowski collection

    Forced labor badge worn by 14-year-old Zbigniew Piotrowski, to identify him as a Polish forced laborer near Breslau, Germany, between August and November 1944. Zbigniew was a Roman Catholic boy living with his parents, three brothers, and sister, in the port city of Gdynia, Poland, when the German army invaded on September 1, 1939. Shortly after, one of his brothers was abducted off the street for forced labor by the German authorities, and the rest of the family was forcibly transported to the city of Lublin. Zbigniew’s brother was released, and the family relocated to Warsaw, where all bu...

  17. Inscribed wooden box with painted lid bought by a Roman Catholic Polish former forced laborer

    1. Zbigniew Antonii Piotrowski collection

    Wooden box with a painted lid, purchased by 14-year-old Zbigniew Piotrowski in November 1944 while waiting for his train to escape forced labor in Breslau, Germany. Zbigniew was a Roman Catholic boy living with his parents, three brothers, and sister, in the port city of Gdynia, Poland, when the German army invaded on September 1, 1939. Shortly after, one of his brothers was abducted off the street for forced labor by the German authorities, and the rest of the family was forcibly transported to the city of Lublin. Zbigniew’s brother was released, and the family relocated to Warsaw, where a...

  18. Velikie lozhi evreiskogo ordena "Bnei-Brit" v lugoslavii i Gretsii i ikh dochernie lozhi

    • The Grand Lodges of B'nai B'rith in Yugoslavia and Greece and their Affiliated Lodges (consolidated collection)

    The collection includes documents reflecting the activities of the Grand Lodge of B'nai B'rith in Yugoslavia and its affiliated lodges "Serbia," "Sarajevo," and "Zagreb." These include circulars from leaders of the Grand Lodge to affiliated lodges; a register of proceedings of the "Serbia" lodge, and a list of its board members; brief biographical information oThe collection includes documents reflecting the activities of the Grand Lodge of B'nai B'rith in Yugoslavia and its affiliated lodges "Serbia," "Sarajevo," and "Zagreb." These include circulars from leaders of the Grand Lodge to affi...

  19. Medal and a ribbon bar pin awarded to a Jewish refugee in Shanghai

    1. Ernest G. Heppner collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn951
    • English
    • 1941-1945
    • a: Height: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm) | Diameter: 0.500 inches (1.27 cm) b: Height: 2.875 inches (7.303 cm) | Width: 1.375 inches (3.493 cm) | Depth: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm)

    Badge awarded around 1945 by the British Boy Scouts Association to Ernst (Ernest) Heppner, a Jewish refugee in Shanghai. It was awarded by the British Red Cross for his direct (bed-to-bed) blood transfusion to a British woman, saving her life. Ernst was living in Breslau, Germany (now Wroclaw, Poland), with his parents, Isidor and Hilda, his half-sister, Else. He also had an older half-brother, Heinz (Henry), who lived with his wife and young child. Following the Kristallnacht program and Heinz’s subsequent arrest in November 1938, the family began looking at emigration options. Seventeen-y...

  20. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 100 kronen note, acquired by a Jewish refugee

    1. Ernest G. Heppner collection

    Scrip, valued at 100 kronen, distributed in Theresienstadt (Terezin) ghetto-labor camp and acquired post-war by Ernst (Ernest) Heppner. Currency was confiscated from inmates and replaced with scrip, which could only be used in the camp. The scrip was part of an elaborate illusion to make the camp seem normal and appear as though workers were being paid for their labor, but the money had no real monetary value. Ernst was living in Breslau, Germany (now Wroclaw, Poland), with his parents, Isidor and Hilda, and his half-sister, Else, who was severely handicapped from contracting polio as a you...