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Displaying items 9,101 to 9,120 of 10,857
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  1. Yugoslavian Order of the Partisan Star awarded to a Macedonian Jewish partisan woman

    1. Jamila Kolonomos collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn43741
    • English
    • 1939-1945
    • a: Height: 1.625 inches (4.128 cm) | Width: 1.625 inches (4.128 cm) | Depth: 0.625 inches (1.588 cm) b: Height: 3.500 inches (8.89 cm) | Width: 2.875 inches (7.303 cm) | Depth: 1.125 inches (2.858 cm) c: Height: 5.750 inches (14.605 cm) | Width: 8.250 inches (20.955 cm) d: Height: 0.375 inches (0.953 cm) | Width: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm) | Depth: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm)

    Yugoslavian Order of the Partisan Star, 3rd class, medal set awarded to Jamila (Zamila) Kolonomos on March 18, 1952, in recognition of her efforts as a partisan fighter during the Axis occupation of Yugoslavia from 1941-1945. This medal was awarded to military leaders for successfully commanding military units and for bravery displayed during WW II. On April 6, 1941, the Axis powers, Germany, Italy, Hungary, and Bulgaria, invaded and partitioned Yugoslavia. The Macedonian region, including Bitola where Jamila and her family lived, was occupied by Bulgaria. Jamila worked with resistance grou...

  2. Honor Cross of the World War 1914/1918 combatant veteran service medal awarded to a German Jewish soldier

    1. Kurt Schlesinger family collection

    Honor Cross, combatants medal awarded to Kurt Schlesinger for his service in the German Army during World War I (1914-1918). The Honor, or Hindenburg, Cross was established by President von Hindenburg in July 1934. It commemorated distinguished deeds in combat, and individuals had to apply to the government to receive it. On January 30, 1933, Adolf Hitler was elected Chancellor of Germany. Kurt and his second wife, Christine, were very concerned about Hitler’s policies, and immigrated to Amsterdam, Netherlands. Kurt left behind his teenage daughter, Irene, who lived in Berlin with her mothe...

  3. Carl and Mina Weiler papers

    1. Carl Weiler and Mina Kaufmann Weiler families collection

    The Carl and Mina Weiler papers consist of biographical materials, correspondence, emigration and immigration files, photographic materials, printed materials, and a recipe book documenting Carl Weiler’s and Mina Kaufmann’s German educations, American immigrations, and unsuccessful efforts to bring their family members to the United States. The collection also includes a World War I photo album and scrapbook documenting the military service of Mina’s uncle, Julius Oppenheimer, in Moselle. Biographical materials include birth, marriage, naturalization, and death certificates; passports and d...

  4. Operation Annie - January 8, 1945

    1. Operation Annie broadcasts

    TRACK 1 1:40: Headlines 2:09: Front news: Change in the Ardennes Battle (Battle of the Bulge). The German tanks in the west are being mobilized towards better defense posts. The Americans have partially taken over the reinforcement routes and streets. There is a snowstorm in the Ardennes. German troops that were surrounded at Wingen were able to make it back to their own lines yesterday. The heavy battles south of Bitche are still ongoing. The German troops are now by in large retreating from the Ardennes in order to defend more maintainable lines. The Americans are pushing south from the n...

  5. Blanket issued to a Jewish refugee in Shanghai

    1. Ernest G. Heppner collection

    Blanket issued to Ernst (Ernest) Heppner in Shanghai, China, by the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) in August 1945. Ernst was living in Breslau, Germany (now Wroclaw, Poland), with his parents, Isidor and Hilda, his half-sister, Else, and near his half-brother, Heinz. Following the Kristallnacht program in November 1938, and Heinz’s subsequent arrest, the family began looking at emigration options. Eighteen-year-old Ernst and his mother secured passage on a ship to Shanghai, China, where they arrived in March 1939. Ernst soon got a job working for a toy store...

  6. Sam Rafel visits his hometown of Gombin in 1937

    1937 trip to Gombin, Poland (123 km northwest of Warsaw) filmed by Sam Rafel at the request of Nathan Zolna Solomon, who had emigrated from Gombin to Newark NJ and provided Sam Rafel with the camera. The first shot is a grainy, dark interior shot of a crowd of people. This might be the crowd that assembled for Sam Rafel's 1937 visit. He wrote, "the affair took place in the Firemen's Hall, in the presence of three thousand people, virtually the whole Jewish population of Gombin." The quality is much improved in the next scenes, which are street portraits, where Rafel posed people in groups a...

  7. Bootjack used by a Polish prisoner of war passing as Ukrainian in a German stalag

    1. Salomon Strauss-Marko collection

    Bootjack used by Salomon (Salek) Strauss in his assumed identity as Timofiej Marko when he was a prisoner of war in Stalag II A in Germany and a leader of forced labor groups in Wiener-Neustadt concentration camp in Austria. On September 1, 1939, Nazi Germany invaded Poland and Salomon was mobilized into the 19th Infantry Battalion, Polish Army. On September 16, he was captured as a prisoner of war and taken to Stalag II A. Salek feared discovery as a Jew and a Communist and created an identity as a Ukrainian, Tomasz Timofiej Marko. He maintained this identity from September 1939- May 1945 ...

  8. Rubber truncheon used by a Polish prisoner of war passing as Ukrainian in a German stalag

    1. Salomon Strauss-Marko collection

    Rubber baton used by Salomon (Salek) Strauss in his assumed identity as Tomasz (Timofiej) Marko when he was a labor group leader in Wiener-Neustadt concentration camp in Austria. On September 1, 1939, Nazi Germany invaded Poland and Salomon was mobilized into the 19th Infantry Battalion, Polish Army. On September 16, he was captured as a prisoner of war and taken to Stalag II A in Germany. Salek feared discovery as a Jew and a Communist and created an identity as a Ukrainian, Tomasz Timofiej Marko. He maintained this identity from September 1939- May 1945 in several POW stalags and concentr...

  9. Brass knuckles used by a Polish prisoner of war passing as Ukrainian in a German stalag

    1. Salomon Strauss-Marko collection

    Brass knuckles used by Salomon (Salek) Strauss in his assumed identity as Tomasz (Timofiej) Marko when he was a labor group leader in Wiener-Neustadt concentration camp in Austria. On September 1, 1939, Nazi Germany invaded Poland and Salomon was mobilized into the 19th Infantry Battalion, Polish Army. On September 16, he was captured as a prisoner of war and taken to Stalag II A in Germany. Salek feared discovery as a Jew and a Communist and created an identity as a Ukrainian, Tomasz Timofiej Marko. He maintained this identity from September 1939- May 1945 in several POW stalags and concen...

  10. War Medal 1939-1945 with ribbon awarded to a Jewish medical officer, 2nd Polish Corps

    1. Elizabeth Lusthaus Strassburger family collection

    War Medal 1939-1945 and ribbon awarded to Dr. Edmund Lusthaus by the British government for his service in the 2nd Polish Corps, a unit of the British Armed Forces during World War II. When Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939, Lusthaus was drafted into the Polish Army. Seventeen days later, the Soviet army invaded from the east. Lusthaus was captured and taken to a camp for Polish prisoners of war in Novosibirsk, Siberia, where he served as a physician. When Germany invaded the Soviet Union in 1941, the Soviet government released the Polish POWs to join the fighting. Lusthaus joined...

  11. To the Sanctification of the Name Faces of the Holocaust Many Holocaust Victims Pencil drawing depicting Holocaust victims by Jacob J. Barosin

    1. Jacob Barosin collection

    Pencil drawing, one of multiple studies for a larger work, depicting concentration camp inmates who were killed, created postwar by Jacob Barosin in the United States. In June 1933, Jacob and Sonia Barosin (previously Judey) immigrated illegally to Paris, in order to escape the anti-Jewish laws passed following the appointment of Adolf Hitler as chancellor of Germany in January. Jacob voluntarily enlisted in the French military following the 1939 German invasion of Poland. In May 1940, Germany invaded France, Jacob and Sonia were arrested as enemy aliens, and Sonia was transported to Gurs i...

  12. To the Sanctification of the Name Faces of the Holocaust Many Holocaust Victims Pencil drawing and overlay depicting Holocaust victims by Jacob J. Barosin

    1. Jacob Barosin collection

    Pencil drawing with a partially completed overlay, one of multiple studies for a larger work, depicting concentration camp inmates who were killed, created postwar by Jacob Barosin in the United States. In June 1933, Jacob and Sonia Barosin (previously Judey) immigrated illegally to Paris, in order to escape the anti-Jewish laws passed following the appointment of Adolf Hitler as chancellor of Germany in January. Jacob voluntarily enlisted in the French military following the 1939 German invasion of Poland. In May 1940, Germany invaded France, Jacob and Sonia were arrested as enemy aliens, ...

  13. Pencil drawing

    1. Jacob Barosin collection

    Drawing depicting Jacob Barosin’s experiences while interned or living in hiding in southern France from June 1940 to August 1943. In June 1933, Jacob and Sonia Barosin (previously Judey) immigrated illegally to Paris, France, in order to escape the anti-Jewish laws passed following the appointment of Adolf Hitler as chancellor of Germany in January. Jacob voluntarily enlisted in the French military following the 1939 German invasion of Poland. In May1940, Germany invaded France, Jacob and Sonia were arrested as enemy aliens, and Sonia was transported to Gurs internment camp. On June 2, Jac...

  14. Pencil portrait of a man in a beret by Jacob J. Barosin

    1. Jacob Barosin collection

    Pencil portrait drawn by Jacob Barosin in early 1941 while he was in Langlade. It likely depicts a fellow prestataire, the name given to foreign laborers attached to the French army. In June 1933, Jacob and Sonia Barosin (previously Judey) immigrated illegally to Paris, in order to escape the anti-Jewish laws passed following the appointment of Adolf Hitler as chancellor of Germany in January. Jacob voluntarily enlisted in the French military following the 1939 German invasion of Poland. In May 1940, Germany invaded France, Jacob and Sonia were arrested as enemy aliens, and Sonia was transp...

  15. Mussolini Benito

    • Mussolini, Benito, 1883-1945
    • Mousolini, Benito, 1883-1945
    • Duce, 1883-1945
    • موسوليني، بنيتو، 1883-1945
    • מוסוליני, ביניטו, 1883-1945
    • ...

    29/07/1883

    28/04/1945

    Prime minister (1922-43). First European fascist dictator. Executed by partisans in 1945.

  16. Todt Fritz

    • Todt, Fritz, 1891-1942
    • Todt, Fritz
    • Todt.
    • Todt, Fritz (German engineer and architect, 1891-1942)
    • Fritz Todt

    04/09/1891

    08/02/1942

    Famous roadbuilder, creator of Autobahnen. Reich Minister for Armaments and Munitions (1940-1942).

  19. Anthony Acevedo papers

    1. Anthony Acevedo collection

    The Anthony Acevedo papers include the diary he kept as a prisoner of war describing his experiences at Stalag IX-B in Bad Orb and Berga concentration camp and on a death march, listing fellow soldiers who died in the camps or on the march, and including his drawings of places and scenes he witnessed. The collection also includes a letter documenting his father’s consent to Acevedo entering medical service in the US military; a copy of his 2012 memoir "Personal Account of an Undesirable" describing his wartime experiences; and photographs of Acevedo with family, friends, and colleagues befo...

  20. Concentration camp uniform pants worn by a Hungarian Jewish prisoner

    Concentration camp uniform pants issued to Max Rottenberg while imprisoned at Buchenwald concentration camp in Germany in 1944 and 1945. Max, his parents, Albert and Anna, and sisters, Illus, Elisabet, Erna, Erzsebet, and Bozsi, lived in Dés, in the Transylvania region of Austria-Hungary (now Dej, Romania). Between February 1938 and August 1941, Max and his sisters, Elisabet and Ilus, relocated to Spišská Stará Ves, Czechoslovakia (now Slovakia). In the spring of 1942, the Slovakian authorities deported Elisabet to Auschwitz concentration camp German-occupied Poland, and Max began living un...