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Displaying items 9,021 to 9,040 of 10,476
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  1. Enameled cooking pot with lid used by a German Jewish family forced to emigrate

    1. Berg and Hermanns families collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn601646
    • English
    • a: Height: 6.000 inches (15.24 cm) | Width: 13.875 inches (35.243 cm) | Depth: 11.000 inches (27.94 cm) b: Height: 2.625 inches (6.668 cm) | Depth: 10.000 inches (25.4 cm)

    Cooking pot and lid brought with Gisela Berg and her family to Kenya where they lived after fleeing Cologne, Germany, in May/June 1939. They used this pot when preparing for Passover. The family was warned by neighbors to leave their home in Lechenich prior to the Kristallnacht pogrom of November 9-10, 1938. Their homes were vandalized and the family decided to leave Germany. Jill's father Josef, his brother George, and cousin Ernest fled to the Netherlands. They were arrested, but their uncle, Herman Meyer, hired a lawyer and the men were detained but not deported. This gave the family tim...

  2. Kenyan wood sculpture of two gazelles owned by a German Jewish refugee family

    1. Berg and Hermanns families collection

    Carved wooded sculpture of an adult gazelle with one young offspring acquired by Gisela Berg and her family in Kenya where they lived after fleeing Cologne, Germany, in May/June 1939. The family was warned by neighbors to leave their home in Lechenich prior to the Kristallnacht pogrom of November 9-10, 1938. Their homes were vandalized and the family decided to leave Germany. Jill's father Josef, his brother George, and cousin Ernest fled to the Netherlands. They were arrested, but their uncle, Herman Meyer, hired a lawyer and the men were detained but not deported. This gave the family tim...

  3. Netherlands, 1 gulden silver voucher, kept by a Dutch Jewish woman in hiding

    1. Felix and Flory Van Beek collection

    Dutch 1 (een) gulden silver voucher kept by Flory Cohen Levi in her pouch, see 1990.23.191, while she was in hiding in Amersfoort, Netherlands, from June 1942 to May 1945. Flora intended to send it to her mother Alijda, but Flora could not find her, so she always kept the pouch with her. Flora's mother Alidja had been deported to Auschwitz in September where she was killed. Flory met Felix Levi, a refugee from Hitler's Germany, in the mid-1930s. After Germany invaded Poland, Felix convinced Flora to flee. In November 1939, they sailed for South America aboard the SS Simon Bolivar, which was...

  4. Small yellow suitcase used by a young German Jewish girl on the Kindertransport

    1. Ruth Danzig Rauch collection

    Small yellow suitcase used by 6 year old Franziska (Ruth) Danzig when her parents, Gerda and Emanuel, sent her from Munich, Germany, to London, England, in June 1939, on the Kindertransport [Children’s Transport]. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933, the government actively persecuted the Jewish population. During Kristallnacht, on November 9-10, 1938, the family’s apartment was searched by the Gestapo. In spring 1939, Ruth’s cousin, Bianca, was sent on a Kindertransport to stay with a Jewish foster family in London. Ruth’s parent found a Jewish foster family, the Paste...

  5. Handmade storybook by a German Jewish girl rescued by the Kindertransport

    1. Ruth Danzig Rauch collection

    Illustrated story book "The Lost Ones," made by Franziska (Ruth) Danzig who, at age 6, was sent by her parents, Gerda and Emanuel, from Munich, Germany, to London, England, in June 1939, on the Kindertransport [Children’s Transport]. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933, the Jewish population was actively persecuted. During Kristallnacht, November 9-10, 1938, the family’s apartment was searched by the Gestapo. In spring 1939, Ruth’s cousin, Bianca, was sent on a Kindertransport to stay with a Jewish foster family in London. Ruth’s parents found a Jewish foster family, th...

  6. Girl Guide enrollment promise trefoil badge received by a young German Jewish girl rescued on the Kindertransport

    1. Ruth Danzig Rauch collection

    Girl Guide trefoil enrollment pin issued to Franziska (Ruth) Danzig when she was living in England as a Kindertransport refugee from June 1939-October 1944. When Ruth was 6, her parents, Gerda and Emanuel, sent her from Munich, Germany, to London, England, in June 1939, on the Kindertransport [Children’s Transport]. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933, the government actively persecuted the Jewish population. During Kristallnacht, on November 9-10, 1938, the family’s apartment was searched by the Gestapo. In spring 1939, Ruth’s cousin, Bianca, was sent on a Kindertransp...

  7. Public School Athletic League Winged Victory achievement badge received by a German Jewish teenage refugee

    1. Ruth Danzig Rauch collection

    Girl's Branch PSAL (Public School Athletic League) medal awarded to Franziska (Ruth) Danzig for physical accomplishments when she attended school in New York in the 1940s. When Ruth was 6, her parents, Gerda and Emanuel, sent her from Munich, Germany, to London, England, in June 1939, on the Kindertransport [Children’s Transport]. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933, the government actively persecuted the Jewish population. During Kristallnacht, on November 9-10, 1938, the family’s apartment was searched by the Gestapo. In spring 1939, Ruth’s cousin, Bianca, was sent on...

  8. Kenyan wood bust of an African youth owned by a German Jewish refugee family

    1. Berg and Hermanns families collection

    Carved wooden bust of an African male in profile, with the hair and stretched earlobes of a Maasai warrior, acquired by Gisela Berg and her family in Kenya where they lived after fleeing Cologne, Germany, in May/June 1939. The family was warned by neighbors to leave their home in Lechenich prior to the Kristallnacht pogrom of November 9-10, 1938. Their homes were vandalized and the family decided to leave Germany. Jill's father Josef, his brother George, and cousin Ernest fled to the Netherlands. They were arrested, but their uncle, Herman Meyer, hired a lawyer and the men were detained but...

  9. Aluminum pitcher used by a German Jewish family forced to emigrate

    1. Berg and Hermanns families collection

    Aluminum pitcher used by Gisela Berg and her extended family when they fled Cologne, Germany, in May/June 1939. The family was warned by neighbors to leave their home in Lechenich prior to the Kristallnacht pogrom of November 9-10, 1938. Their homes were vandalized and the family decided to leave Germany. Jill's father Josef, his brother George, and cousin Ernest fled to the Netherlands. They were arrested, but their uncle, Herman Meyer, hired a lawyer and the men were detained but not deported. This gave the family time to find a country where they could emigrate legally. A family friend g...

  10. Brown leather belt worn by a Jewish Polish inmate at Buchenwald concentration camp

    1. Stanley Appel family collection

    Brown leather belt worn by 21 year old Zelig Appel when he was a prisoner in Buchenwald concentration camp from January 1945 to April 1945. He was issued uniform pants that were too large for him, so he traded two pieces of bread for a Soviet prisoner’s belt. As he lost weight, he had to add holes with the sharpened end of a spoon. In early 1940, a few months after the invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany, Zelig’s town, Stary Sacz, was ghettoized and Zelig was sent to Tegoborze forced labor camp. In June, he was sent to an SS training camp, Rabka. In August 1942, Zelig returned to the ghetto ...

  11. Circumcision knife with inscription and agate handle with wooden case used by a mohel

    1. Isaac Ossowski family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn7117
    • English
    • 1938
    • a: Height: 6.620 inches (16.815 cm) | Width: 0.750 inches (1.905 cm) | Depth: 0.750 inches (1.905 cm) b: Height: 0.880 inches (2.235 cm) | Width: 7.880 inches (20.015 cm) | Depth: 1.620 inches (4.115 cm)

    Ritual circumcision or milah knife set used by Isaac Ossowski, a highly respected mohel who left Berlin because of the targeted persecution of Jews by the government of Nazi Germany. A mohel is a person qualified to perform the Jewish ceremony of brit (bris) milah, the ritual circumcision of a male, Jewish child. This requires both extensive religious training and surgical skill. A milah knife is sharp on both edges to avoid hesitation during use that might cause unnecessary pain to the child. Rabbi Ossowski was a prominent member of the Jewish community in Berlin. He was head shochet [ritu...

  12. Brass Hanukkah menorah with fish shaped feet used by a Jewish refugee family

    1. Isaac Ossowski family collection

    Hanukiyah used by Isaac Ossowski and his family, made by Joseph Romiger, Stuttgart, Germany. The family would be forced to leave Berlin in 1938 because of the targeted persecution of Jews by the government of Nazi Germany. Each child in the Ossowski family had their own hanukkah lamp. A Hanukkah candelabrum holds eight candles for the eight nights of Hanukkah; the ninth candle is the shamash [attendant] that is used to light the other candles. Because of their religious significance, the Hanukkah lights cannot be used in everyday ways, such as providing light. Traditionally, menorah refers ...

  13. Mizrach, a sign designating the direction of Jerusalem, with a personal inscription created by a sofer

    1. Isaac Ossowski family collection

    Mizrach poster created by Isaac Ossowski in honor of his wife, Frida's, birthday. A mizrach [mizrachl means east] is a decorative item placed in a traditional Jewish home to indicate the east, the direction of Jerusalem and the direction to face for prayers. This work was originally framed and hung on the east wall of their home. Rabbi Ossowski was a prominent member of the Jewish community in Berlin. He was head shochet [ritual slaughterer], mohel [practioner of ritual circumcision], sofer [scribe], and hazan [cantor or musical prayer leader] at the Alte Shul [Old Synagogue]. After Hitler ...

  14. Calligraphy of Sukkot prayers and a personal inscription created by a sofer

    1. Isaac Ossowski family collection

    Welcome prayers for the festival of Sukkot (Succoth), or Feast of Tabernacles, with an inscription in honor of the birth of his son, Shalom, hand painted by Rabbi Isaac Ossowski in the fall of 1933. It was originally framed for display in their home. During the seven nights of the festival, which is similar to a harvest festival, celebrants are to build and have their meals in a succah or temporary hut built in remembrance of the forty years the Jewish people lived in the desert before reaching the Promised Land. The poster includes all the basic prayers for use inside the sukkah: the praye...

  15. Handpainted linen Torah binder made for a German Jewish boy

    1. Isaac Ossowski family collection

    Torah wimpel created to celebrate the birth of Sally (Sol) Ossowski on January 1, 1919, by his father, Isaac Ossowski, in Berlin, Germany in the 1930s. The hand painted inscription and decorations proclaim his birth and tell his parents to raise him according to Jewish law. A binder is a textile band used like a belt to hold closed the two staves of the Torah scroll when it is not in use. Rabbi Ossowski was a prominent member of the Jewish community in Berlin. He was head shochet [ritual slaughterer], mohel [practitioner of ritual circumcision], sofer [scribe], and hazan [cantor, musical pr...

  16. Circular silver 12 tone pocket watch style pitch pipe and case used by a cantor

    1. Isaac Ossowski family collection

    Tuning device used to set a musical pitch used by Isaac Ossowski, who, as a hazan [cantor], would lead the congregation in musical prayers. Rabbi Ossowski was a prominent member of the Jewish community in Berlin, Germany. He was head shochet [ritual slaughterer], mohel [practitioner of ritual circumcision], sofer [scribe], as well as hazan, at the Alte Shul [Old Synagogue]. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor in 1933, increasingly severe sanctions were enacted against Jews. Isaac was repeatedly questioned by the SS (Schutzstaffel; Protection Squadrons) who gathered intelligence on opponen...

  17. Pair of tefillin with blue velvet bag used by a Jewish refugee

    1. Isaac Ossowski family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn7106
    • English
    • 1938
    • a: Height: 8.750 inches (22.225 cm) | Width: 6.620 inches (16.815 cm) b: Height: 3.000 inches (7.62 cm) | Width: 2.000 inches (5.08 cm) | Depth: 1.880 inches (4.775 cm) c: Height: 2.500 inches (6.35 cm) | Width: 2.750 inches (6.985 cm) | Depth: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm)

    Tefillin and bag used by Isaac Ossowski, a prominent member of the Jewish community in Berlin, Germany, who emigrated in 1938 to avoid the increasing persecution of Jews by the government of Nazi Germany. Tefillin are 2 small black leather boxes containing Torah verses that are worn on the arm and head by Orthodox Jewish males during morning prayers. Rabbi Ossowski was head shochet [ritual slaughterer], mohel [practitioner of ritual circumcision], sofer [scribe], and hazan [cantor, or musical prayer leader] at the Alte Shul [Old Synagogue]. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor in 1933, inc...

  18. Portable marble Hanukkah menorah with 4 sections made for a rabbi

    1. Isaac Ossowski family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn7112
    • English
    • 1938
    • a: Height: 0.750 inches (1.905 cm) | Width: 1.620 inches (4.115 cm) | Depth: 2.620 inches (6.655 cm) b: Height: 0.750 inches (1.905 cm) | Width: 9.880 inches (25.095 cm) | Depth: 2.620 inches (6.655 cm) c: Height: 5.500 inches (13.97 cm) | Width: 4.620 inches (11.735 cm) | Depth: 0.750 inches (1.905 cm) d: Height: 0.750 inches (1.905 cm) | Width: 6.120 inches (15.545 cm) | Depth: 2.620 inches (6.655 cm)

    Traveling Hanukkah lamp used by Rabbi Isaac Ossowski. The lamp was made by a stone mason in Berlin, Germany, in the 1920s. It was meant to have an original design unlike a traditional lamp and created for use as a mobile lamp. A Hanukkah lamp holds eight candles for the eight nights of Hanukkah; the ninth candle is the shamash [attendant] that is used to light the other candles. Because of their religious significance, the Hanukkah lights cannot be used in everyday ways, such as providing light. Traditionally, menorah refers only to the original seven branched lamp that stayed lit in the Te...

  19. Book

    1. Isaac Ossowski family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn7135
    • English
    • 1939
    • a: Height: 7.380 inches (18.745 cm) b: Height: 3.500 inches (8.89 cm) | Width: 5.500 inches (13.97 cm) c: Height: 3.370 inches (8.56 cm) | Width: 2.750 inches (6.985 cm)

    Shulchan Aruch, an authoritative source of Jewish law, from the library of Sol Oster, who as a young man, left Germany and then Lithuania to escape the increasingly violent anti-Semitism of those countries in the late 1930s. The book was given to him as a present by his maternal great-uncle, Shalom Dantziger who had used the book for years himself. Dantziger was a mohel in Berlin, Germany, in the early 20th century. The postcard was written in 1919 Berlin to Yehiel (or Yisrael) Rubenstein. The style, with the frequent use of God Willing and similar language, suggests that the writer was a v...

  20. Booklet

    1. Isaac Ossowski family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn7104
    • English
    • 1938
    • a: Height: 8.750 inches (22.225 cm) | Width: 5.500 inches (13.97 cm) b: Height: 3.250 inches (8.255 cm) | Width: 4.380 inches (11.125 cm) c: Height: 3.250 inches (8.255 cm) | Width: 4.380 inches (11.125 cm) d: Height: 4.380 inches (11.125 cm) | Width: 2.870 inches (7.29 cm) e: Height: 2.870 inches (7.29 cm) | Width: 4.500 inches (11.43 cm) f: Height: 2.870 inches (7.29 cm) | Width: 4.500 inches (11.43 cm)

    Book and other items found inside the book from the library of Isaac Ossowski that were also used by his son, Sol Oster: a book, Universal-Agende für jüdische Kultursbeamte : Handbuch für den Gebrauch in Synagoge, Schule und Haus [Universal liturgy for Jewish cultural officials: Handbook for use in the Synagogue, School, and House]; a pamphlet with 2 articles on Jewish ceremonial law and custom from the series: Writings of the Association for the Preservation of traditional Judaism, and 4 US Army Signal Corps photographs of concentration camp victims. Rabbi Ossowski was a prominent member o...