Search

Advanced query tips

There are several ways to be more specific in your search query:

"Phrase"
Search an exact match of your query, e.g. "Member lists"
+Phrase
Given word has to be in the result, e.g. +Gestapo
-Phrase
Exclude given word from search, e.g. -Gestapo

Use the following syntax to restrict the search to specific fields:

field:"phrase"
For instance, you can find all descriptions that have the phrase "Auschwitz Birkenau" in their titles by searching for title:"Auschwitz Birkenau".

The following fields are currently available:

  • identifier
  • title
  • creator
  • person
  • place
  • subject
  • address
Displaying items 721 to 740 of 7,748
Search result ordering

  1. Beaded bib necklace made by a young Polish Jewish refugee in Russia

    Colored glass bead bib necklace designed and made by 14 year old Nechama Ejnes from beads she bought at the bazaar while living in Kostroma in the Soviet Union. She also made a matching belt which did not withstand the hardships of life as a refugee. She fled Poland with her family, parents Moishe and Chana, and three younger siblings, Miriam, Shraga, and Zvi in September 1939 following the German invasion. They wandered from town to town until settling in Kostroma. They were assigned a single room with a communal kitchen that they shared with several other families for nearly seven years u...

  2. MS St. Louis black and white luggage tag used by a Jewish refugee family

    1. Evelyn Klein Altman family collection

    Black and white luggage tag used by 8 year old Evelyn Klein, her mother, Maria Hermanda, and her stepfather, Nicolaus (Miklos) during their voyage aboard the Ms St. Louis to Havana, Cuba, on May 13-27, 1939. By 1939, many Jews were seeking to escape areas of Europe that were controlled by Nazi Germany. In 1939, the Klein family, residents of Hungary, acquired landing permits for Cuba and entry visas for the United States and sailed on the luxury liner from Hamburg to Havana. The majority of the 937 passengers were Jews fleeing Nazi Germany. When the ship arrived on May 27, the Cuban governm...

  3. Girl pointing at the moon depicted in a sketch by a Kindertransport refugee

    1. Erika Rybeck collection

    Drawing created by Erika Schulhof during her participation in an art therapy group in the United States after the war. Erika explains that: "This recalls my father's comforting words before I left Austria. He said we would both be looking at the same moon from different parts of the world. So then, as drawn, I look at the moon in Aberdeen, Scotland, when Nazi planes are flying overhead and there are machine gun bullet holes on the ground, but I look at the moon and think of my father." Erika was the only child of an assimilated Jewish couple, Dr. Friedrich and Gertrude Schulhof. Her father ...

  4. Hakoah Sports Club stickpin with a Star of David owned by a Czech Jewish refugee

    1. Kovary and Neuhaus families collection

    Pin from the Hakoah sports club that belonged to Tom T. Kovary, prior to emigration from Bratislava, Czechoslovakia. On September 2, 1939, nineteen year old Tibor Kovari and his 20 year old brother, Erno, were attacked on the street for being Jewish by some Nazi sympathizers in their hometown, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia. They fought back and put their attackers in the hospital and were arrested, along with their father, Olivio. The incident received such widespread publicity that the authorities advised them to flee for fear of retaliation. They illegally crossed the border into Hungary, wh...

  5. US Army Good Conduct lapel button awarded to a Czech Jewish refugee

    1. Kovary and Neuhaus families collection

    Lapel button issued to Tom T. Kovary for service in the United States Army, from 1943-1946, during World War II. On September 2, 1939, nineteen year old Tibor Kovari and his twenty year old brother, Erno, were attacked on the street for being Jewish by Nazi sympathizers in their hometown, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia. They fought back, put their attackers in the hospital, and were arrested, along with their father, Olivio. The incident received such widespread publicity that the authorities advised them to flee for fear of retaliation. They illegally crossed the border into Hungary, where the...

  6. US Army Honorable Service lapel button awarded to a Czech Jewish refugee

    1. Kovary and Neuhaus families collection

    Lapel button issued to Tom T. Kovary for service in the United States Army, from 1943-1946, during World War II. On September 2, 1939, nineteen year old Tibor Kovari and his twenty year old brother, Erno, were attacked on the street for being Jewish by Nazi sympathizers in their hometown, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia. They fought back, put their attackers in the hospital, and were arrested, along with their father, Olivio. The incident received such widespread publicity that the authorities advised them to flee for fear of retaliation. They illegally crossed the border into Hungary, where the...

  7. US Army Victory Medal, two ribbon bars and presentation box awarded to a Czech Jewish refugee

    1. Kovary and Neuhaus families collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn39908
    • English
    • 1941-1945
    • a: Height: 3.125 inches (7.938 cm) | Width: 1.375 inches (3.493 cm) b: Height: 0.375 inches (0.953 cm) | Width: 1.375 inches (3.493 cm) c: Height: 0.375 inches (0.953 cm) | Width: 1.375 inches (3.493 cm) d: Height: 3.750 inches (9.525 cm) | Width: 2.375 inches (6.033 cm) | Depth: 0.625 inches (1.588 cm)

    Victory Medal, ribbon bars, and box issued to Tom (Tibor) Kovary for service in the United States Army from 1943-1946. On September 2, 1939, nineteen year old Tibor Kovari and his twenty year old brother, Erno, were attacked on the street for being Jewish by Nazi sympathizers in their hometown, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia. They fought back, put their attackers in the hospital, and were arrested, along with their father, Olivio. The incident received such widespread publicity that the authorities advised them to flee for fear of retaliation. They illegally crossed the border into Hungary, whe...

  8. Buchenwald Aussenkommando scrip for HASAG slave labor camp, 1 Reichsmark, given to a Jewish refugee

    1. Edith Jacobson collection

    1 Reichsmark Buchenwald Aussenkommando [Outside Command] coupon given to Edith Jacobson as a souvenir while she was in a displaced persons camp in Switzerland. The coupon is stamped with the name of a HASAG slave labor camp. Buchenwald opened on July 19, 1937, and issued undated notes in 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 mark denominations. The simply designed notes were printed on coarse paper. There were two types of coupons: canteen scrip and exchange scrip issued to members of outside labor brigades [Aussenkommandos.] In early April 1945, as US forces approached Buchenwald concentration camp, the German...

  9. Silver ice cream serving spoon with floral engraving saved by young German Jewish refugee

    1. Kovary and Neuhaus families collection

    Silver ice cream spoon from a set of twelve brought by Ingrid Neuhaus, 18, when she was sent for safety from Hamburg, Germany, to Great Britain in Feburary 1939. She joined her younger siblings Annelore and Hans who had been sent on the Kindertransport in January. This set of spoons was the only valuable item she was able to take out of Germany.

  10. Silver ice cream spoon with floral engraving saved by young German Jewish refugee

    1. Kovary and Neuhaus families collection

    Silver ice cream spoon from a set of twelve brought by Ingrid Neuhaus, 18, when she was sent for safety from Hamburg, Germany, to Great Britain in Feburary 1939. She joined her younger siblings Annelore and Hans who had been sent on the Kindertransport in January. This set of spoons was the only valuable item she was able to take out of Germany.

  11. Silver ice cream spoon with floral engraving saved by young German Jewish refugee

    1. Kovary and Neuhaus families collection

    Silver ice cream spoon from a set of twelve brought by Ingrid Neuhaus, 18, when she was sent for safety from Hamburg, Germany, to Great Britain in Feburary 1939. She joined her younger siblings Annelore and Hans who had ben sent the Kindertransport in January. This set of spoons was the only valuable item she was able to take out of Germany.

  12. Silver ice cream spoon with floral engraving saved by young German Jewish refugee

    1. Kovary and Neuhaus families collection

    Silver ice cream spoon from a set of twelve brought by Ingrid Neuhaus, 18, when she was sent for safety from Hamburg, Germany, to Great Britain in Feburary 1939. She joined her younger siblings Annelore and Hans who had been sent on the Kindertransport in January. This set of spoons was the only valuable item she was able to take out of Germany.

  13. Silver ice cream spoon with floral engraving saved by young German Jewish refugee

    1. Kovary and Neuhaus families collection

    Silver ice cream spoon from a set of twelve brought by Ingrid Neuhaus, 18, when she was sent for safety from Hamburg, Germany, to Great Britain in Feburary 1939. She joined her younger siblings Annelore and Hans who had been sent on the Kindertransport in January. This set of spoons was the only valuable item she was able to take out of Germany.

  14. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 5 kronen, acquired by Kindertransport refugee

    1. Gustav J. Meyer collection

    Scrip, valued at 5 [funf] kronen, of the type distributed in German occupied Czechoslovakia acquired by Gustav Meyer. Gustav was sent to safety on a Kindertransport from Germany to Great Britain ca. 1938. Inmates in Theresienstadt were not allowed to have currency. The SS ordered the Jewish Council to design scrip for use only in the camp. Notes were printed in 7 denominations: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100. The scrip was issued to create a false appearance of normalcy. There was little to obtain with it. The camp was in operation from November 24, 1941 until early May 1945. Approximately 140,00...

  15. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 2 kronen, acquired by Kindertransport refugee

    1. Gustav J. Meyer collection

    Scrip, valued at 2 [zwei] kronen, of the type distributed in German occupied Czechoslovakia acquired by Gustav Meyer. Gustav was sent to safety on a Kindertransport from Germany to Great Britain ca. 1938. Inmates in Theresienstadt were not allowed to have currency. The SS ordered the Jewish Council to design scrip for use only in the camp. Notes were printed in 7 denominations: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100. The scrip was issued to create a false appearance of normalcy. There was little to obtain with it. The camp was in operation from November 24, 1941 until early May 1945. Approximately 140,00...

  16. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 1 krone, acquired by Kindertransport refugee

    1. Gustav J. Meyer collection

    Scrip, valued at 1 (eine) krone, of the type distributed in German occupied Czechoslovakia acquired by Gustav Meyer. Gustav was sent to safety on a Kindertransport from Germany to Great Britain ca. 1938. Inmates in Theresienstadt were not allowed to have currency. The SS ordered the Jewish Council to design scrip for use only in the camp. Notes were printed in 7 denominations: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100. The scrip was issued to create a false appearance of normalcy. There was little to obtain with it. The camp was in operation from November 24, 1941 until early May 1945. Approximately 140,000...

  17. Airmail box used to store his war medals by a German Jewish refugee

    1. Carl Werner Lenneberg collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn44454
    • English
    • a: Height: 1.250 inches (3.175 cm) | Width: 5.250 inches (13.335 cm) | Depth: 8.500 inches (21.59 cm) b: Height: 1.250 inches (3.175 cm) | Width: 5.500 inches (13.97 cm) | Depth: 8.625 inches (21.908 cm)

    Airmail box used by Carl Werner Lenneberg to store his World War I (1914-1918) medals and ribbons. Lenneberg was a soldier in the 8th (Rhenish) Foot Artillery Battalion, XVI Army Corps, German Army, during the First World War. In January 1933, Hitler and the Nazi regime took power. Anti-Jewish policies put increasingly harsh restrictions on Jewish life. Werner and his brother Georg were arrested during Kristallnacht, November 9-10, 1938, and sent to Dachau concentration camp. After release, they left Germany on the ill-fated voyage of the MS St. Louis to Havana, Cuba, May 13-June 17, 1939. ...

  18. DRL Sport Badge, silver grade with swastika, owned by German Jewish refugee

    1. Carl Werner Lenneberg collection

    DRL Sport Badge, silver grade, with swastika awarded to Carl Werner Lenneberg. DRL [Deutscher Reichsbund für Leibesübungen / German Imperial Commission for Physical Exercise] replaced the DRA [Deutscher Reichs-Ausschuss / German National Committee for Physical Training) in 1934. The silver grade badge was for those from 18-32 who passed the national fitness test for 8 years or those from 32-40 who passed the tests within a 12 month period. The 1913 Olympics and Germany's selection as the next host city generated widespread interest in physical fitness and led to the institution of a nationa...

  19. Weimar Germany, 10 billion mark note, saved by German Jewish refugee

    1. Carl Werner Lenneberg collection

    Weimar Germany 10 billion mark note saved by Carl Werner Lenneberg. This currency was issued by the new democratic government that ruled Germany after World War I (1914-1918), when it was in a period of hyper inflation that threatened the stability of the country. During the war, Lenneberg was a soldier in the 8th (Rhenish) Foot Artillery Battalion, XVI Army Corps, German Army. In January 1933, Hitler and the Nazi regime took power. Anti-Jewish policies put increasingly harsh restrictions on Jewish life. Werner and his brother Georg were arrested during Kristallnacht, November 9-10, 1938, a...

  20. Aachen District, 20 billion mark note, saved by German Jewish refugee

    1. Carl Werner Lenneberg collection

    Aachen District, Germany 20 billion mark note saved by Carl Werner Lenneberg. This note was emergency currency, valid for one year, 1923-1924, issued by the local government in Aachen during the period of hyperinflation that threatened the stability of the country. Inflation was unstoppable: in 1919, there were 47 marks to a dollar; in 1922, it went from 1000 to 7000; in 1923, from 17,000 to 4,200,000,000,000. Lenneberg was a decorated World War I veteran orginally from Remscheid. In January 1933, Hitler and the Nazi regime took power. Anti-Jewish policies put increasingly harsh restriction...