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Displaying items 581 to 600 of 7,703
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  1. Pencil portrait of his father brought to the US by a Jewish refugee from Vienna

    1. David Mentken family collection

    Portrait of his father, Salomon, brought with David Mentkewicz, when he, his wife Regina, and their sons, 7 year old Edgar and 4 year old Robert, left Nazi ruled Austria for the United States in September 1938. Germany annexed Austria on March 12, 1938, and enacted anti-Jewish policies stripping Jews of their rights. The Mentkewicz family capmaking business declined and they barely made enough to buy food. Regina was able to obtain visas and permissions to leave with the help of her family, many already in the US. Salomon and his wife Frieda were too elderly to leave. David and his family l...

  2. Small silhouette of his father brought to the US by a Jewish refugee from Vienna

    1. David Mentken family collection

    Small silhouette of his father, Salomon, brought with David Mentkewicz, when he, his wife Regina, and their sons, 7 year old Edgar and 4 year old Robert, left Nazi ruled Austria for the United States in September 1938. Germany annexed Austria on March 12, 1938, and enacted anti-Jewish policies stripping Jews of their rights. The Mentkewicz family capmaking business declined and they barely made enough to buy food. Regina was able to obtain visas and permissions to leave with the help of her family. Salomon and his wife Frieda were too elderly to leave. David and his family left in September...

  3. Monogrammed pink silk pillow sham recovered by a Hungarian Jewish refugee postwar

    1. Gabriella Weinberger Neufeld family collection

    Silk damask pillow sham recovered for Gabriella Weinberger by a relative, possibly Blanka Cobel, in Nyiregyhaza, Hungary, after the war. It was made for her sister Marta’s dowry and embroidered with her initials. The family hid the sham in their home during the war. In May 1944, 15 year old Gabriella, her mother, Iren, and 18 year old Marta were deported from the Nyiregyhaza ghetto to Auschwitz. In August, they were sent to Struthof-Natzweiler, and later to Ravensbrück, where Iren died. In February 1945, the sisters were deported to Bergen-Belsen, where Marta, too weak to walk, was taken aw...

  4. Star of David badge with Juif worn by a German Jewish refugee

    1. Eric Gutsmuth collection

    Star of David patch worn by Eric Gutsmuth's mother-in-law, a German refugee in France during World War II

  5. Large flat top trunk monogrammed HB used by a German Jewish refugee

    1. Henry and Sophie Bernhard collection

    Large trunk used by Hans Bernhard when he left Berlin, Germany, for Havana, Cuba, in March 1939. Due to German emigration laws, Hans and his wife, Sophie, were only allowed to bring one suitcase per person. In November 1938, Hans was notified by the German government that he would no longer be able to operate his wholesale textile business because he was Jewish. Hans and Sophie sailed from Hamburg on the MS Orinoco on March 28, 1939. The Orinoco was the last ship allowed to unload refugee passengers from Europe in Havana. In March 1940, Hans and Sophie emigrated to the United States.

  6. Large flat top trunk monogrammed SB used by a German Jewish refugee

    1. Henry and Sophie Bernhard collection

    Large trunk used by Sophie Bernhard when she left Berlin, Germany, for Havana, Cuba, in March 1939. Due to German emigration laws, Sophie and her husband, Hans, were only allowed to bring one suitcase per person. In November 1938, Hans was notified by the German government that he would no longer be able to operate his wholesale textile business because he was Jewish. Hans and Sophie sailed from Hamburg on the MS Orinoco on March 28, 1939. The Orinoco was the last ship allowed to unload refugee passengers from Europe in Havana. In March 1940, Hans and Sophie emigrated to the United States.

  7. Leica IIIa camera and brown leather case owned by a German Jewish refugee to Cuba

    1. Henry and Sophie Bernhard collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn517195
    • English
    • 1935-1939
    • a: Height: 3.125 inches (7.938 cm) | Width: 6.125 inches (15.558 cm) | Depth: 2.375 inches (6.033 cm) b: Height: 3.500 inches (8.89 cm) | Width: 6.250 inches (15.875 cm) | Depth: 3.125 inches (7.938 cm)

    Leica IIIa camera and brown leather cased purchased by Hans Bernhard in Berlin, Germany, prior to his emigration to Havana, Cuba, in March 1939. Hans purchased the camera with the intention to sell it if he ran short of funds, as there were strict limits on the amount of money Jews could take out of Germany. In November 1938, Hans was notified by the Nazi government that he would no longer be able to operate his textile wholesale business because he was Jewish. Hans and his wife, Sophie, sailed on the MS Orinoco from Hamburg on March 28, 1939. The Orinoco was the last ship allowed to unload...

  8. Dried pressed flower brought to the US by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    Dried pressed flower found in the autograph album, 1994.53.6.1, owned by Irene Rosenthal. Irene fled Nazi ruled Austria for the United States in March 1940. German troops marched over the border into Austria in March 1938. The next day, Austria was annexed to Nazi Germany. Anti-Jewish legislation was enacted to strip Jews of their civil rights. The November 1938 Kristallnacht pogrom vandalized Jewish businesses and homes and destroyed most of the synagogues in Austria. Irene received a visa to leave Austria in March and sailed that month from Genoa, Italy, to New York.

  9. Handbill issued following the first reports on the refugee crisis for Jews in Poland

    1. Nazi Germany cultural and political propaganda collection

    Announcement issued, probably after 1941, seeking funds for Jewish refugees of the war in Europe, especially Poland. The idea is to bring them to Palestine and, for that, large funds have to be collected. However, it is possible that is was published earlier due to concerns for the coming destruction. The page long declaration has been signed by most of the important people of the Jewish community in Palestine, including the directors of the Sokhnut (the Jewish Agency), well known rabbis and scholars, etc. The back of the paper is covered with pencilled notations listing an organization's i...

  10. Weimar Germany Reichsbanknote, 500 million marks, owned by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Ella Hochstadt Gruber Maier and Erich Maier family collection

    Emergency currency, valued at 500 million marks, likely acquired by Dr. Erich Maier. The note was issued in 1923 by the German government and is an example of the money printed during the hyperinflation of the Weimar Republic. The small circle watermark indicates a private firm printer. After Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany in March 1938, Erich’s law practice in Vienna was confiscated because he was Jewish. In November, he decided to leave the country for the United States with his wife, Ella, and two step-daughters, Amelia and Gerda. After the war ended in May 1945, Erich worked as a c...

  11. Weimar Germany Reichsbanknote, 1 billion marks, owned by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Ella Hochstadt Gruber Maier and Erich Maier family collection

    Emergency currency, valued at 1 billion marks, likely acquired by Dr. Erich Maier. The note was originally issued in 1922 by the German government in the amount of 1,000 marks but as a result of hyperinflation it was overprinted with a 1 billion amount in 1923. It features an image of the Meister of the Imperial German Mint, Jorg Herz. After Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany in March 1938, Erich’s law practice in Vienna was confiscated because he was Jewish. In November, he decided to leave the country for the United States with his wife, Ella, and two step-daughters, Amelia and Gerda. Af...

  12. Weimar Germany Reichsbanknote, 1 billion marks, owned by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Ella Hochstadt Gruber Maier and Erich Maier family collection

    Emergency currency, valued at 1 billion marks, likely acquired by Dr. Erich Maier. The note was originally issued in 1922 by the German government in the amount of 1,000 marks but as a result of hyperinflation it was overprinted with a 1 billion amount in 1923. It features an image of the Meister of the Imperial German Mint, Jorg Herz. After Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany in March 1938, Erich’s law practice in Vienna was confiscated because he was Jewish. In November, he decided to leave the country for the United States with his wife, Ella, and two step-daughters, Amelia and Gerda. Af...

  13. Weimar Germany Reichsbanknote, 1 billion marks, owned by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Ella Hochstadt Gruber Maier and Erich Maier family collection

    Emergency currency, valued at 1 billion marks, likely acquired by Dr. Erich Maier. The note was originally issued in 1922 by the German government in the amount of 1,000 marks but as a result of hyperinflation it was overprinted with a 1 billion amount in 1923. It features an image of the Meister of the Imperial German Mint, Jorg Herz. After Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany in March 1938, Erich’s law practice in Vienna was confiscated because he was Jewish. In November, he decided to leave the country for the United States with his wife, Ella, and two step-daughters, Amelia and Gerda. Af...

  14. Weimar Germany Reichsbanknote, 2 million marks, owned by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Ella Hochstadt Gruber Maier and Erich Maier family collection

    Emergency currency, valued at 2 million marks, likely acquired by Dr. Erich Maier. The note was issued in 1923 by the German government during the hyperinflation of the Weimar Republic. The oak leaf garland watermark indicates a private firm printer. It features an image of the Hanse merchant, Georg Giese. After Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany in March 1938, Erich’s law practice in Vienna was confiscated because he was Jewish. In November, he decided to leave the country for the United States with his wife, Ella, and two step-daughters, Amelia and Gerda. After the war ended in May 1945,...

  15. Weimar Germany Reichsbanknote, 100 billion marks, owned by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Ella Hochstadt Gruber Maier and Erich Maier family collection

    Emergency currency, valued at 100 billion marks, likely acquired by Dr. Erich Maier. The note was issued in 1923 by the German government during the period of hyperinflation of the Weimar Republic. After Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany in March 1938, Dr. Maier and his family decided to leave due to the anti-Jewish laws and persecution by the German authorities. In November 1938, Erich, his wife Ella, and his stepdaughters, Amelia, 9, and Gerda, 7, left for the US. He and Ella submitted several affidavits of support to help family members escape Europe, but Erich lost nearly all his fami...

  16. Weimar Germany Reichsbanknote, 500 million marks, owned by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Ella Hochstadt Gruber Maier and Erich Maier family collection

    Emergency currency, valued at 500 million marks, likely acquired by Dr. Erich Maier. The note was issued in 1923 by the German government during the period of hyperinflation of the Weimar Republic. The small circle watermark indicates a private firm printer.After Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany in March 1938, Dr. Maier and his family decided to leave due to the anti-Jewish laws and persecution by the German authorities. In November 1938, Erich, his wife Ella, and his stepdaughters, Amelia, 9, and Gerda, 7, left for the US. He and Ella submitted several affidavits of support to help fami...

  17. Japanese invasion money, half gulden, acquired postwar by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Ella Hochstadt Gruber Maier and Erich Maier family collection

    Japanese invasion money, half gulden, likely acquired by Dr. Erich Maier in 1945-1946 in Germany where he worked for the US War Department and the World Jewish Congress. Japan occupied the Dutch East Indies in March 1942 and soon began issuing invasion currency. After Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany in March 1938, Dr. Maier and his family decided to leave due to the anti-Jewish laws and persecution by the German authorities. In November 1938, Erich, his wife Ella, and his stepdaughters, Amelia, 9, and Gerda, 7, left for the US. He and Ella submitted several affidavits of support to help...

  18. Japanese invasion banknote, 10 pesos, acquired postwar by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Ella Hochstadt Gruber Maier and Erich Maier family collection

    Japanese invasion money, 10 pesos, likely acquired by Dr. Erich Maier in 1945-1946 in Germany where he worked for the US War Department and the World Jewish Congress. Japan occupied the Philippines in January 1942 and soon began issuing invasion currency. The serial letters PM, suggests an early issue. After Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany in March 1938, Dr. Maier and his family decided to leave due to the anti-Jewish laws and persecution by the German authorities. In November 1938, Erich, his wife Ella, and his stepdaughters, Amelia, 9, and Gerda, 7, left for the US. He and Ella submit...

  19. Japanese invasion banknote, 5 centavos, acquired postwar by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Ella Hochstadt Gruber Maier and Erich Maier family collection

    Japanese invasion money, 5 centavos, likely acquired by Dr. Erich Maier in 1945-1946 in Germany where he worked for the US War Department and the World Jewish Congress. Japan occupied the Philippines in January 1942 and soon began issuing invasion currency. The serial letters PM, suggests an early issue. After Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany in March 1938, Dr. Maier and his family decided to leave due to the anti-Jewish laws and persecution by the German authorities. In November 1938, Erich, his wife Ella, and his stepdaughters, Amelia, 9, and Gerda, 7, left for the US. He and Ella subm...

  20. Soap bar acquired postwar by an Austrian Jewish refugee working for the WJC

    1. Ella Hochstadt Gruber Maier and Erich Maier family collection

    Bar of soap likely acquired by Dr. Erich Maier in 1945 in Germany where he worked for the US War Department and the World Jewish Congress. He was told that it had been made from murdered Jews, although this is not true. After Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany in March 1938, Dr. Maier and his family decided to leave due to the anti-Jewish laws and persecution by the German authorities. In November 1938, Erich, his wife Ella, and his stepdaughters, Amelia, 9, and Gerda, 7, left for the US. He and Ella submitted several affidavits of support to help family members escape Europe, but Erich lo...