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Displaying items 401 to 420 of 7,703
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  1. Identification tag with name and birthdate issued to a Jewish refugee child

    1. Vera Lechtman collection

    Identification tag issued to four-year-old Marcel Lechtman in 1944 while in the care of a children’s home in Switzerland run by Margaret Locher, after escaping France with his mother, Tonia, and sister, Vera. The tag is engraved with his name and birthdate, the name of his foster parent, and the address of the home. Marcel was born in Oloron-Sainte-Marie, France, to Russian and Polish parents, who had immigrated to France from Palestine as a result of being forced out for their communist activities. His father, Sioma, fought for the Communist International Brigade in the Spanish Civil War, ...

  2. Identification tag with name and birthdate issued to a Jewish refugee child

    1. Vera Lechtman collection

    Identification tag issued to three-year-old Georges Maringer in 1944 while in the care of a children’s home in Switzerland run by Margaret Locher, after escaping France with his mother, Irene, and father, Simon. The tag is engraved with his name and birthdate, the name of his foster parent, and the address of the home. Georges was born in France, to Jewish parents, Simon and Irene Maringer. Simon completed a Ph.D. in Psychology at the University of Zurich in 1936, and began attending medical courses in Brussels. Simon and Irene were forced to flee Belgium in 1940, after the German invasion....

  3. Identification tag with name and birthdate issued to a Jewish refugee child

    1. Vera Lechtman collection

    Identification tag issued to six-year-old Vera Lechtman in 1944 while in the care of a children’s home in Switzerland run by Margaret Locher, after escaping France with her mother, Tonia, and brother, Marcel. The tag is engraved with her name and birthdate, the name of her foster parent, and the address of the home. Vera was born in Paris, France, to Russian and Polish parents, who had immigrated to France from Palestine as a result of being forced out for their communist activities. Her father, Sioma, fought for the Communist International Brigade in the Spanish Civil War, and was subseque...

  4. Identification tag with name and birthdate issued to a Jewish refugee child

    1. Vera Lechtman collection

    Identification tag issued to five-year-old Marc Hoffmann in 1944 while in the care of a children’s home in Switzerland run by Margaret Locher, after escaping France with his mother, Helene, and father, Charles. The tag is engraved with his name and birthdate, the name of his foster parent, and the address of the home. Marc was born in Paris, France, to Polish parents. In the summer of 1942, fearing arrest and deportation, the family submitted a declaration for admission to Switzerland. They did not receive approval, and illegally crossed the border in October. They were placed together in C...

  5. Pair of tefillin with an embroidered green velvet bag used by a Czech Jewish refugee

    1. Frank Meissner family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn37631
    • English
    • a: Height: 6.250 inches (15.875 cm) | Width: 7.000 inches (17.78 cm) b: Height: 4.750 inches (12.065 cm) | Width: 4.500 inches (11.43 cm) c: Height: 9.250 inches (23.495 cm) | Width: 5.500 inches (13.97 cm)

    Tefillin set and green velvet storage pouch used by Franz Meissner who left Czechoslovakia for Denmark in October 1939. Tefillin are small boxes that contain prayers that are attached to leather straps and worn by Orthodox Jewish males during morning prayers. Franz, age 16, left Trest in October 1939 because of the increasing persecution of Jews as Czechoslovakia was dismembered by Nazi Germany and its allies. With the encouragement of his family, he left for Denmark with Youth Aliyah, a organization that helped people to emigrate to Palestine. In 1943, the Germans began to deport all Jews ...

  6. Striped silk tallit, green velvet bag and white liner used by a Czech Jewish refugee

    1. Frank Meissner family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn37625
    • English
    • a: Height: 33.000 inches (83.82 cm) | Width: 75.750 inches (192.405 cm) b: Height: 8.500 inches (21.59 cm) | Width: 13.250 inches (33.655 cm) c: Height: 10.750 inches (27.305 cm) | Width: 13.000 inches (33.02 cm)

    Black striped silk tallit gadol, a prayer shawl worn by Jewish males during morning services, and two storage pouches used by Franz Meissner. Frank, age 16, left Czechoslovakia in October 1939 because of the increasing Nazi persecution of Jews as Czechoslovakia was dismembered by Nazi Germany and its allies. With the encouragement of his family, he left for Denmark with members of Youth Aliyah, a organization that helped people to emigrate to Palestine. In 1943, the Germans began to deport all Jews from Denmark. Frank was warned that the Gestapo was looking for him and he was smuggled on a ...

  7. Belt for a kittel [ceremonial robe] saved by a Czech Jewish refugee

    1. Frank Meissner family collection

    Long, narrow belt for a kittel, a ceremonial robe worn by a Jewish male, used by Norbert Meissner, who was president of the synagogue in Trest, Czechoslovakia, before and during the Holocaust. He and his wife, Lotte, and son, Leo, were deported to Theresienstadt in 1943. A year later, they were sent to Auschwitz death camp where they perished. The belt was preserved by his son, Frank. Frank, age 16, left Czechoslovakia in October 1939 because of the increasing Nazi persecution of Jews as Czechoslovakia was dismembered by Nazi Germany and its allies. With the encouragement of his family, he ...

  8. Blue striped tallit with embroidered Hebrew text used by a Czech Jewish refugee

    1. Frank Meissner family collection

    Embroidered tallit gadol, a prayer shawl worn by Jewish males during morning prayers, used by Franz Meissner. Frank, age 16, left Trest in October 1939 because of the increasing Nazi persecution of Jews as Czechoslovakia was dismembered by Nazi Germany and its allies. With the encouragement of his family, he left for Denmark with members of Youth Aliyah, a organization that helped people to emigrate to Palestine. In 1943, the Germans began to deport all Jews from Denmark. Frank was warned that the Gestapo was looking for him and he was smuggled on a fishing boat to Sweden. He had been recei...

  9. Red and black plastic cigarette holder used by a Czech Jewish refugee

    1. Frank Meissner family collection

    Cigarette holder used by Franz Meissner. Frank, age 16, left Czechoslovakia in October 1939 because of the increasing Nazi persecution of Jews as Czechoslovakia was dismembered by Nazi Germany and its allies. With the encouragement of his family, he left for Denmark with members of Youth Aliyah, a organization that helped people to emigrate to Palestine. In 1943, the Germans began to deport all Jews from Denmark. Frank was warned that the Gestapo was looking for him and he was smuggled on a fishing boat to Sweden. He had been receiving weekly letters from his family, even after their deport...

  10. Shanghai Millionaire board game made by 2 German Jewish refugee children

    1. Manfred Lobel collection

    Handmade board game, Shanghai Millionaire, created by 10 year old Manfred and 14 year old Siegfried Lobel in the Hongkew ghetto in Shanghai in 1946. It was based on Monopoly and made from a US Army cardboard "K" rations box. The boys fled Berlin, Germany, with their parents, Gustav and Dora, in 1940, due to the persecution of Jews under the Nazi dictatorship. Since Gustav and Dora were born in Romania, exit visas for the United States did not seem to be an option because of the high quotas. In 1940, they received permits to leave Germany for Shanghai, China. American troops entered the city...

  11. Engraved silver cigarette case used by a Polish Jewish refugee in Russia

    1. Alfred and Bronislawa Majzner collection

    Cigarette case that belonged to Alfred Majzner, a Jewish engineer, who, following the 1939 invasion of Poland by Germany, fled to the Russian-occupied sector to the east. He was assigned living quarters for his family in Bialystock, Poland, on July 25, 1940. Soon after his wife and family arrived the Russians deported the Jewish inhabitants further west. Alfred died in Kazakhstan in 1942. His second wife and widow, Bronislawa, had the case decorated around 1944 with her initials, BM, and the names of their daughter, Lucia, his children from his first marriage, Dita and Todek, and her deceas...

  12. US Army technician shoulder patch that belonged to a German Jewish refugee

    1. Max Wachtel and Herbert Wolf family collection

    US Army Technician, 5th grade patch that may have belonged to Hans Wachtel, who served in the United States Army from 1942-1945. Hans and his family had left Nazi Germany in 1937 after the shoe factory owned by his father, Max, in Erfurt, Germany, was confiscated because he was Jewish. Max was able to get immigration visas for the US and on May 14, 1938, 16 year old Hans, his parents, and his sister sailed from Hamburg on the President Roosevelt. Hans volunteered for the U.S. Army on May 14, 1941. He was trained to interrogate German POWs and to go undercover behind enemy lines. On June 18,...

  13. World War I Iron Cross medal with striped ribbon awarded to a German Jewish refugee

    1. Max Wachtel and Herbert Wolf family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn40039
    • English
    • 1914-1918
    • a: Height: 2.375 inches (6.033 cm) | Width: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm) b: Height: 11.375 inches (28.893 cm) | Width: 1.250 inches (3.175 cm)

    Iron Cross awarded to Max Wachtel for service in the German Army during World War I, 1914-1918. After four years of increasingly antisemitic Nazi rule, Max’s shoe factory in Erfurt, Germany, was confiscated in 1937 because he was Jewish. Max was able to get immigration visas for the United States, with the sponsorship of relatives in Ohio. On May 14, 1938, Max, his wife Erna, and children, Ursula and Hans, sailed from Hamburg to the US on the President Roosevelt. They arrived on May 21 and settled in Cincinnati.

  14. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 50 kronen note, acquired by Czech refugee

    1. Raul Hilberg collection

    50 (funfzig) mark Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp note given to Raul Hilberg by Frank Petschek, who, with his wife, as well as the extended Petschek family, had to flee Czechoslovakia after its annexation by Nazi Germany in fall 1938. After the war, the confiscation of the Petschek family's vast business and land holdings by the Nazi regime were used for a major case in the War Criminals trials at Nuremberg. Hilberg and his parents fled Vienna, Austria, after its annexation by Germany in March 1938. It was Petschek's generosity that made possible the publication of Hilberg's landmark work,...

  15. Poster of a family huddled outdoors behind a wall to raise funds for refugee relief

    1. Refugee Relief poster collection

  16. Doll in blue dress, blonde wig and necklace carried by Jewish Austrian refugee

    1. Doriane Kurz collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn41711
    • English
    • a: Height: 14.500 inches (36.83 cm) | Width: 5.750 inches (14.605 cm) | Depth: 3.500 inches (8.89 cm) b: Height: 3.875 inches (9.843 cm) | Width: 5.125 inches (13.017 cm) | Depth: 4.875 inches (12.383 cm) c: Height: 6.000 inches (15.24 cm) | Width: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm) | Depth: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm)

    Doll in a blue dress with a blonde wig and necklace carried by 10 year old Doriane Kurz when she emigrated from Sweden to the United States in July 1946. Doriane and her family fled Vienna, Austria, in early 1939 after the annexation with Nazi Germany. They went to the Netherlands which was occupied by Germany in May 1940. Her father, Meilach, was deported to Auschwitz in August 1942. Doriane, her mother Klara, and her 7 year old brother Alfred, were deported to Bergen Belsen in February 1944. The camp was evacuated in spring 1945 and the prisoners were liberated en route by the Soviet Army...

  17. Dish towel with red radish applique brought to the US by a young Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Doriane Kurz collection

    Dish towel brought by 10 year old Doriane Kurz when she emigrated from Sweden to the United States in July 1946. Doriane and her family fled Vienna, Austria, in early 1939 after the annexation with Nazi Germany the previous year. They went to the Netherlands which was occupied by Germany in May 1940. Her father, Meilach, was deported to Auschwitz death camp in August 1942. Doriane, her mother Klara, and her 7 year old brother Alfred, were deported to Bergen Belsen in February 1944. The camp was evacuated in spring 1945 and the prisoners were liberated en route by the Soviet Army. The family...

  18. White lace collar with a rosettes worn by a young Austrian Jewish refugee to the US

    1. Doriane Kurz collection

    Detachable white lace collar with a floral design brought by 10 year old Doriane Kurz when she emigrated from Sweden to the United States in July 1946. Doriane and her family fled Vienna, Austria, in early 1939 after the annexation with Nazi Germany the previous year. They went to the Netherlands which was occupied by Germany in May 1940. Her father, Meilach, was deported to Auschwitz death camp in August 1942. Doriane, her mother Klara, and her 7 year old brother Alfred, were deported to Bergen Belsen in February 1944. The camp was evacuated in spring 1945 and the prisoners were liberated ...

  19. Burlap purse with yarn flowers and monogram carried by a 10 year old Jewish Austrian refugee

    1. Doriane Kurz collection

    Handcrafted burlap shoulder bag carried by 10 year old Doriane Kurz when she emigrated from Sweden to the United States in July 1946. Doriane and her family fled Vienna, Austria, in early 1939 after the annexation with Nazi Germany. They went to the Netherlands which was occupied by Germany in May 1940. Her father, Meilach, was deported to Auschwitz in August 1942. Doriane, her mother Klara, and her brother Alfred, age 7, were deported to Bergen Belsen in February 1944. The camp was evacuated in spring 1945 and the prisoners were liberated en route by the Soviet Army. The family returned to...

  20. For Our Small Ones! Handmade illustrated children's book created by an Austrian refugee

    1. Irene Rosenthal Gibian family collection

    Hand crafted children's book with hand drawn text and illustrations created by Irene Rosenthal. Irene fled Nazi ruled Austria for the United States in March 1940. German troops marched over the border into Austria in March 1938. The next day, Austria was annexed to Nazi Germany. Anti-Jewish legislation was enacted to strip Jews of their civil rights. The November 1938 Kristallnacht pogrom vandalized Jewish businesses and homes and destroyed most of the synagogues in Austria. Irene received a visa to leave Austria in March and sailed that month from Genoa, Italy, to New York.