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Displaying items 3,341 to 3,360 of 3,380
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  1. Justophot light meter and suede pouch used by German Jewish US soldier

    1. Rudolph Daniel Sichel collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn46793
    • English
    • a: Height: 4.750 inches (12.065 cm) | Width: 2.125 inches (5.398 cm) | Depth: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm) b: Height: 4.500 inches (11.43 cm) | Width: 5.625 inches (14.288 cm) | Depth: 1.250 inches (3.175 cm)

    Justophot light meter with suede pouch owned by Rudolph Sichel, a Jewish refugee from Frankfurt, Germany, who was a US Army officer in Europe from July 1944-June 1946. In May 1936, unable to return to Germany from England because of anti-Jewish regulations, Sichel went to the US. His parents Ernst and Frieda joined him in 1940. In April 1943, Sichel enlisted in the Army and was sent to Camp Ritchie for military intelligence training. In July 1944, Sichel, Chief Interrogator, Interrogation of Prisoners of War Team 13, landed on Utah Beach in France, attached to the 104th Infantry, the Timber...

  2. Dark blue paper covered suitcase used by a Jewish refugee

    1. Ernest and Ruth Chambre collection

    Dark blue suitcase used by Ernest Chambre, a Jewish refugee from Nazi Germany. In 1933, Ernest, originally from Belgium, was a law student in Berlin when Hitler was appointed Chancellor. The persecution of Jews by the Nazi government caused him to flee to Belgium and then, in 1934/1935, to Palestine. Ernest left for Spain, presumably to get to the US, but was imprisoned in Miranda de Ebro internment camp. After his release, he returned to Palestine and married Ruth Elsoffer, a fellow refugee, in 1937. Ruth emigrated to the United States in 1946; Ernest arrived in October 1947.

  3. Medical Pot Bergen Belsen 1944 Satirical drawing of his prescription made by a camp inmate for his doctor, a fellow inmate

    1. Bela Gondos family collection

    Elegant cartoon in pencil and watercolor done by Istvan Irsai and given to Dr. Bela Gondos in Bergen-Belsen concentration camp on October 17, 1944, as an expression of gratitude. It depicts an oversize thermometer stuck into a piece of bread, Dr. Gondos's prescription for his starving patient, whom he saw weekly. Both men were inmates arrived in the camp on the Kastzner rescue transport from Budapest, on July 8, 1944. Bela diagnosed Istvan with starvation and the prescribed extra portion of bread was filled by the informal organization of the Hungarian camp. Bela's wife Anna and 7 year old ...

  4. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 5 kronen note, issued to a German Jewish inmate

    1. Ursula Lenneberg Pawel and Siegmund Brünell family collection

    Scrip, valued at 5 kronen, obtained by 17 year old Ursula Lenneberg in 1943 while an inmate of Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in Czechoslovakia. Ursula considered this fake money produced to fool the Red Cross that camp conditions were decent and healthy. Ursula received a deportation notice in July 1942 in Dusseldorf, Germany, where she lived with her family. They insisted on going with her to the camp. Her father Otto and brother Walter, 12, were allowed, but her mother, Lina, born a Christian, was not. In Theresienstadt in summer 1944, Otto received a deportation notice and Ursula insi...

  5. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 10 kronen note, issued to a German Jewish inmate

    1. Ursula Lenneberg Pawel and Siegmund Brünell family collection

    Scrip, valued at 10 kronen, obtained by 17 year old Ursula Lenneberg in 1943 while an inmate of Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in Czechoslovakia. Ursula considered this fake money produced to fool the Red Cross that camp conditions were decent and healthy. Ursula received a deportation notice in July 1942 in Dusseldorf, Germany, where she lived with her family. They insisted on going with her to the camp. Her father Otto and brother Walter, 12, were allowed, but her mother, Lina, born a Christian, was not. In Theresienstadt in summer 1944, Otto received a deportation notice and Ursula ins...

  6. Medical field sterilizer kit used by a German Jewish refugee nurse and postwar aid worker

    1. Alice and John Fink collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn523800
    • English
    • 1938-1949
    • a: Height: 2.000 inches (5.08 cm) | Width: 7.250 inches (18.415 cm) | Depth: 2.375 inches (6.033 cm) b: Height: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm) | Width: 7.625 inches (19.368 cm) | Depth: 3.250 inches (8.255 cm) c: Height: 1.250 inches (3.175 cm) | Width: 6.875 inches (17.463 cm) | Depth: 2.875 inches (7.303 cm) d: Height: 1.625 inches (4.128 cm) | Width: 2.875 inches (7.303 cm) | Depth: 2.250 inches (5.715 cm) e: Height: 4.625 inches (11.748 cm) | Width: 2.375 inches (6.033 cm) | Depth: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm) f: Height: 4.625 inches (11.748 cm) | Width: 2.375 inches (6.033 cm) | Depth: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm) g: Height: 0.625 inches (1.588 cm) | Width: 2.250 inches (5.715 cm) | Depth: 1.125 inches (2.858 cm)

    Medical field sterilizer kit with container and strainer tray, ethanol burner, instruments, a boxed set of 2 bottles of Lobelin used by Alice Redlich while she served as a nurse at the Bergen Belsen displaced persons camp established in the former concentration camp in Germany after the war. The British army liberated Bergen-Belsen on April 15, 1945, and it then became a DP camp. Alice volunteered with the Jewish Committee for Relief Abroad and, in September 1946, she left for Bergen-Belsen DP camp to care for children and young women. Before the war, Alice lived with her parents in Berlin,...

  7. Dried flowers kept within a memorial book saved by a Hungarian Jewish family while in hiding

    Dried flowers preserved from the funeral for Samu Kornhauser by his widow Malvina. She pressed the flowers in the memorial book, Emlekezesek Konyvet, [Book of Remembrance] between pages 34 and 35. The book is record 1999.282.4. The book was preserved during World War II by Malvina, her daughter Margit Pick, her husband Istvan and son Gyorgy. Malvina, ten year old Gyorgy, and his parents lived in hiding in Budapest, Hungary, from November 1944-January 1945. Hungary, an ally of Nazi Germany, had adopted similar anti-Jewish laws in the 1930s. Istvan, an engineer, lost his job in May 1939 becau...

  8. Green wool US Army blanket owned by a Jewish refugee who survived by assuming a Catholic identity

    1. Olga Waldman Wisen and Mark Wisen collection

    US Army green wool blanket owned by Mark Wisen, who as a young Jewish boy survived the Holocaust from 1941-1944 by pretending to be Catholic. Mark, 11, and his mother Olga were visiting her parents in Srerszeniowce, Poland, when it was occupied by Soviet forces in September 1939. In March 1941, Germany broke the Nazi-Soviet Pact and invaded the town, deporting many Jewish inhabitants to the Tluste ghetto (Tovste, Ukraine). Olga procured false identities and she and Mark escaped from the ghetto to Podhajce where they met Olga's brother, Israel. Afraid that they had been recognized, they went...

  9. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 2 kronen note acquired by a Hungarian Jewish youth and former concentration camp inmate

    1. Larry Gladstone family collection

    Theresienstadt scrip valued at 2 kronen that belonged to Ladislav Glattstein. Theresienstadt was mixed use camp, primarily a transit camp and a ghetto-labor camp, in German occupied Czechoslovakia from November 1941-May 9, 1945. All currency was confiscated from camp prisoners upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. Ladislav, 18, and his family lived in Munkacs, Czechoslovakia (Mukacheve, Ukraine), when it was annexed by Hungary in fall 1938. In 1942, Ladislav was conscripted into a Hungarian forced labor battalion. He was sent to Nagy...

  10. Kovary and Neuhaus families papers

    1. Kovary and Neuhaus families collection

    The Kovary and Neuhaus families papers consist of biographical materials, correspondence, and photographs related to the experiences of the Kovary and Neuhaus families’ pre-World War II experiences in Czechoslovakia and Germany, respectively; their emigration due to antisemitic persecution; their immigration to the United States and Great Britain; and subsequent experiences during World War II and in the immediate post-war years. The collection also includes restitution files documenting Ernest Kovary’s work assisting Holocaust survivors in filing restitution claims. Neuhaus family material...

  11. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 5 kronen note, acquired by a female forced laborer

    1. Ruth Kittel Miller family collection

    Scrip valued at 5 kronen, acquired by Ruth Kittel while she and her sister, Hannelore, were living with their Jewish mother, Marie (Maria), and Catholic father, Josef, in Berlin, Germany, during the Holocaust. All currency was confiscated from deportees upon entry to Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. On September 19, 1941, 14 year old Ruth picked-up government mandated Judenstern or Star of David badges from the Office of the Jewish Organization because she, Hannelore, 17, and Maria had to wear one at all ti...

  12. White armband embroidered with prisoner number worn by a Hungarian slave laborer

    1. Theresa Gruenberger Mermelstein family collection

    White cloth armband owned by Terez Gruenberger, which was worn by her younger sister Miriam, 21, when both were imprisoned in Torgau slave labor camp from November 1944 to April 1945. It is embroidered with Ung H. for Hungarian and 46076, Miriam's prisoner number; Terez was 46077. In November 1938, Hungary annexed part of Czechoslovakia, including Munkacs (Mukacheve, Ukraine) where Terez and Miriam lived with their mother, Roszi and their maternal grandparents, Ludvik and Zeni Gruenberger. Miriam went to Budapest in 1940 and, in 1943, was sent to Csepel labor camp. In March 1944, Germany oc...

  13. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 50 (funfzig) kronen note, from Jewish Hungarian inmates

    1. Katalina Litvak family collection

    Theresienstadt scrip valued at 50 kronen received by the family of Katalin Miselbach when they were imprisoned in Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp from November 1944-May 1945. In March 1944, Germany invaded Hungary. Magda Miselbach, pregnant at the time, and her parents Adele and Shmuel Lederman were forced into the Jewish ghetto in Karcag. Magda's husband Imre had been in a Hungarian labor battalion since 1939. Katalin was born in the ghetto on May 2. That summer, the family was transported to the Szolnok ghetto and then deported to Strasshof concentration camp near Vienna, Austria. In Nov...

  14. Drawing of a sleeping seminude woman sleeping on her side by a German Jewish internee

    1. Lili Andrieux collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn110
    • English
    • 1940
    • overall: Height: 11.000 inches (27.94 cm) | Width: 14.000 inches (35.56 cm) pictorial area: Height: 4.625 inches (11.747 cm) | Width: 8.625 inches (21.908 cm)

    Sketch of a sleeping, seminude woman at Gurs internment camp, drawn by Lili Andrieux, a German Jewish internee. Lili created over 100 detailed drawings of people and daily life in the internment camps where she was held from May 1940 - September 1942 in France. Alençon was a collection center for transport to Camp de Gurs in Vichy France. After surrendering to Nazi Germany in June 1940, France was divided into two zones: a German military occupation zone and Free France under the Vichy regime. Gurs, built in spring 1939 to hold refugees from Spain, became an internment center for Jewish re...

  15. Drawing of a sleeping seminude woman by a German Jewish internee

    1. Lili Andrieux collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn109
    • English
    • 1940
    • overall: Height: 11.000 inches (27.94 cm) | Width: 14.000 inches (35.56 cm) pictorial area: Height: 6.000 inches (15.24 cm) | Width: 8.875 inches (22.543 cm)

    Sketch of a sleeping, topless woman at Gurs internment camp, drawn by Lili Andrieux, a German Jewish internee. Lili created over 100 detailed drawings of people and daily life in the internment camps where she was held from May 1940 - September 1942 in France. Alençon was a collection center for transport to Camp de Gurs in Vichy France. After surrendering to Nazi Germany in June 1940, France was divided into two zones: a German military occupation zone and Free France under the Vichy regime. Gurs, built in spring 1939 to hold refugees from Spain, became an internment center for Jewish ref...

  16. Buchenwald Aussenkommando coupon for SS Ko. Altenburg, -.50 Reichsmark issued to a Jewish female slave laborer

    1. Adrienne Friede Krausz collection

    -.50 Reichsmark Buchenwald Aussenkommando [Outside Command] scrip issued to 21 year old Adrienne Matyas in 1945 when she was imprisoned in Waffen SS Ko. Altenburg concentration camp in Germany. The coupons were issued as an incentive to slave laborers, although there was nothing to acquire in the camp with them. Adrienne was from Cluj, Romania, in northern Transylvania, which was placed under Hungarian rule in August 1940. Hungary was occupied by Nazi Germany in March 1944. That June, Adrienne, her parents Asok and Tereza, both physicians, and her 11 year old sister, were deported from Cluj...

  17. Book Hazkára |Gyaszimak es elmelkedesek halottemlekezteto unnepekre, evfordulora es sirlatogatasok alkalmara

    1. George Pick family collection

    Memorial book, Emlékezések könyve, with an inscription of future Yahrzeit or anniversary dates from 1935 through 1982 for Samu Kornhauser, the maternal grandfather of Gyorgy Pick. The book was used by Malvina Kornhauser to press flowers (1999.282.3.1) from the July 1935 funeral of her husband Samu. She pressed the blossoms between pages 35 and 35. The book was preserved during the war by Malvina, her daughter Margit Pick, Margit's husband Istvan and son Gyorgy. Malvina, ten year old Gyorgy, and his parents lived in hiding in Budapest, Hungary, from November 1944-January 1945. Hungary was...

  20. Concentration camp uniform cap worn by a Jewish German man

    Concentration camp uniform cap issued to Werner Sauer while interned in Stutthof concentration camp as a German marine deserter in early 1945. The cap is lined with cloth because German military deserters were treated better than Jewish prisoners. The hats Werner had been issued previously as a Jewish inmate were not lined. Werner saved the cap, and refused to ever have it cleaned, as evidence of his ordeal. On January 27, 1942, Werner and his parents, Leo and Auguste, were deported from Gelsenkirchen, Germany, to Riga, Latvia. Werner, a skilled bricklayer, was eventually transferred to Len...