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Displaying items 101 to 120 of 5,229
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Language of Description: English

  1. Cut-paper work created by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Irene Rosenthal Gibian family collection

    Cut paper artwork created by Irene Rosenthal. Irene fled Nazi ruled Austria for the United States in March 1940. German troops marched over the border into Austria in March 1938. The next day, Austria was annexed to Nazi Germany. Anti-Jewish legislation was enacted to strip Jews of their civil rights. The November 1938 Kristallnacht pogrom vandalized Jewish businesses and homes and destroyed most of the synagogues in Austria. Irene received a visa to leave Austria in March and sailed that month from Genoa, Italy, to New York.

  2. Cut-paper work created by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Irene Rosenthal Gibian family collection

    Cut paper artwork created by Irene Rosenthal. Irene fled Nazi ruled Austria for the United States in March 1940. German troops marched over the border into Austria in March 1938. The next day, Austria was annexed to Nazi Germany. Anti-Jewish legislation was enacted to strip Jews of their civil rights. The November 1938 Kristallnacht pogrom vandalized Jewish businesses and homes and destroyed most of the synagogues in Austria. Irene received a visa to leave Austria in March and sailed that month from Genoa, Italy, to New York.

  3. Handmade book illustrating the alphabet created by an Austrian refugee

    1. Irene Rosenthal Gibian family collection

    Hand crafted children's book with pictures representing each letter of the alphabet created by Irene Rosenthal. Irene fled Nazi ruled Austria for the United States in March 1940. German troops marched over the border into Austria in March 1938. The next day, Austria was annexed to Nazi Germany. Anti-Jewish legislation was enacted to strip Jews of their civil rights. The November 1938 Kristallnacht pogrom vandalized Jewish businesses and homes and destroyed most of the synagogues in Austria. Irene received a visa to leave Austria in March and sailed that month from Genoa, Italy, to New York.

  4. Handmade illustrated children's book created by an Austrian refugee

    1. Irene Rosenthal Gibian family collection

    Hand crafted children's book with handdrawn text and illustrations created by Irene Rosenthal. Irene fled Nazi ruled Austria for the United States in March 1940. German troops marched over the border into Austria in March 1938. The next day, Austria was annexed to Nazi Germany. Anti-Jewish legislation was enacted to strip Jews of their civil rights. The November 1938 Kristallnacht pogrom vandalized Jewish businesses and homes and destroyed most of the synagogues in Austria. Irene received a visa to leave Austria in March and sailed that month from Genoa, Italy, to New York.

  5. Wooden trunk used by a Jewish Austrian refugee

    1. Irene Rosenthal Gibian family collection

    Wooden trunk used by Irene Rosenthal when she fled Nazi ruled Austria for the United States in March 1940. German troops marched over the border into Austria in March 1938. The next day, Austria was annexed to Nazi Germany. Anti-Jewish legislation was enacted to strip Jews of their civil rights. The November 1938 Kristallnacht pogrom vandalized Jewish businesses and homes and destroyed most of the synagogues in Austria. Irene received a visa to leave Austria in March and sailed that month from Genoa, Italy, to New York.

  6. Pair of toddler's shoes owned by a Jewish child refugee

    1. Irene Rosenthal Gibian family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn8691
    • English
    • a: Height: 5.500 inches (13.97 cm) | Width: 2.250 inches (5.715 cm) | Depth: 3.375 inches (8.573 cm) b: Height: 5.500 inches (13.97 cm) | Width: 2.250 inches (5.715 cm) | Depth: 3.375 inches (8.573 cm)

    Pair of well worn toddler's shoes inscribed "Der Erste Schuh" [The First Shoe] brought with 3 year old Susanna Gibian and her father Otto when they fled Vienna, Austria, for the United States in September 1938. On March 12, 1938, German troops marched over the border into Austria and, the next day, Austria was annexed to Nazi Germany. Anti-Jewish legislation was enacted to strip Jews of their civil rights. Otto had a successful office equipment business, the Rex Company, which was confiscated by the Nazi government. He decided to leave because he wanted his daughter to have a normal life in...

  7. Portrait photograph by Judy Glickman of a Jewish Danish refugee

    1. Judith Ellis Glickman collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn41832
    • English
    • 1992
    • overall: Height: 13.500 inches (34.29 cm) | Width: 17.000 inches (43.18 cm) pictorial area: Height: 6.120 inches (15.545 cm) | Width: 9.380 inches (23.825 cm)

    Black and white photographic print taken by Judy Glickman in 1992 of Victor Borge, a Danish humorist and pianist. Throughout the 1930s, Victor toured Europe; he played music and told anti-Nazi jokes. When the Germans invaded Denmark, Victor was performing in Sweden. He did not return to Denmark, but sailed from Finland on the USS American Legion, arriving in the United States on August 28, 1940. Germany occupied Denmark on April 9, 1940, but allowed the Danish government to retain control of domestic affairs. Jews were not molested and the German presence was limited. After the Germans inva...

  9. "We Came to America: Memories of a Refugee Child"

    Consists of one memoir, 81 pages with appendices, entitled "We Came to America: Memories of a Refugee Child" by Marlies Wolf Plotnik, written in 2005. In the memoir, Mrs. Plotnik describes her childhood in Darmstadt, Germany, her memories of Kristallnacht, her family history, her family's immigration to the United States through England in 1939,and her life in the United States. Includes copies of photographs, documents, and family trees.

  10. Metal hand stamp monogram brought with a German Jewish refugee

    1. Lewin and Levi family collection

    Hand stamp with the intertwined letters S and L brought with Simon Lewin when, with his wife Violet, their daughter Marion, and Violet's son, Rolf, fled Berlin, Germany, in late December 1938 for the United States.

  11. Beige patch embroidered with Czechoslovakia owned by a Jewish refugee

    1. Ruth Rappaport collection

    Cloth badge embroidered with Czechoslovakia acquired by Ruth Rappaport, possibly when she worked as a foreign correspondent in Israel from 1948-1950. On November 8, 1938, one night before the Kristallnacht pogrom, Ruth’s non-Jewish neighbors in Leipzig, Germany, warned her parents, Mendel and Helene, not to leave their house the following day. Sixteen year old Ruth went out and witnessed the burning of her synagogue and other brutal acts against the Jewish population. Ruth and her parents soon left for Switzerland. After a few months, Mendel and Helene decided to return to Leipzig, but Ruth...

  12. Black and gray checked blanket given to Kindertransport refugee

    Wool checked travel blanket given to 13 year old Mimi Alice Schleissner by her mother Berta to keep her warm when she left on the Kindertransport in May 1939. Mimi's parents Berta and Julius and her brother Edi, 18, stayed behind in Kolin, Czechoslovakia. Until October 1938, the family resided in the spa town Marienbad [now Marianske Lazne], in the Sudetenland region. It was annexed by Nazi Germany in October 1938 and most of the Jewish population fled. In November, the Marienbader Zeitung ran the headline "Marienbad is Jew-free." After arriving in Great Britain, Mimi joined Hachshara, a Zi...

  13. Red leather portfolio used by a Czech Jewish refugee

    1. Kovary and Neuhaus families collection

    Red leather notebook that belonged to Tom (Tibor) Kovary. On September 2, 1939, nineteen year old Tibor Kovari and his twenty year old brother, Erno, were attacked on the street for being Jewish by Nazi sympathizers in their hometown, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia (Slovakia). They fought back, put their attackers in the hospital, and were arrested, along with their father, Olivio. The incident received such widespread publicity that the authorities advised them to flee for fear of retaliation. They illegally crossed the border into Hungary, where they obtained visas for the US, arriving in New...

  14. Shaving brush used by a German Jewish refugee in hiding

    1. Max Amichai Heppner family collection

    Shaving brush used by Albert Heppner while in hiding in the Netherlands, in August 1942. Albert and his wife, Irene, fled Berlin, Germany, to Amsterdam, Netherlands, after Adolf Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany on January 30, 1933. Albert reestablished his art dealership, and their son, Max, was born later that year. In May 1940, Germany occupied the Netherlands, and established a civilian administration run largely by the SS. The occupying administration gradually tightened control on the residents, and required Jews to register their business assets. Albert’s work permit was res...

  15. Moustache brush owned by a German Jewish refugee

    1. Max Amichai Heppner family collection

    Silver moustache brush used by Albert Heppner’s father in Germany during the early 20th century. It was likely among the possessions that Albert brought with him when his family went into hiding in the Netherlands in August 1942. Albert and Irene Heppner fled Berlin, Germany, to Amsterdam, Netherlands, after Adolf Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany on January 30, 1933. Albert reestablished his art dealership, and their son, Max, was born later that year. In May 1940, Germany occupied the Netherlands, and established a civilian administration run largely by the SS. The occupying admi...

  16. Shanghai International Settlement pin acquired by a German refugee

    1. Max Schmeidler family collection

    Pin owned by Max Schmeidler, who fled Berlin, Germany, for Shanghai, China. It is embossed with the motto of the Shanghai International Settlement, All Joined in One.

  17. Spanish Line luggage tag collected by a Dutch Jewish refugee

    1. Herman Silbiger collection

    A luggage tag from the Spanish Line that was part of a collection kept by Herman Silbiger in a cigar tin, capturing his family's journey through France, Spain, Jamaica (Camp Gibraltar), and Curaçao from 1942-1945.

  18. Cigar tin used by a Dutch Jewish refugee

    1. Herman Silbiger collection

    A cigar tin Herman Silbiger used to collect and store materials from his family's journey through France, Spain, Jamaica (Camp Gibraltar), and Curaçao from 1942-1945. Herman's family referred to the tin as "Het Blikke Doosje," or "the little tin box." Materials, such as tickets and other items, kept in the tin were compiled into a scrapbook within a school exercise book.

  19. Jewish refugee records from the Swiss Federal Archives

    The collection consists of 10,962 case files for Jewish refugees accepted into Switzerland between 1936 and 1946.

  20. Dartmouth Red ski wax owned by a German Jewish refugee

    1. Carl Weiler and Mina Kaufmann Weiler families collection

    Round bar of ski wax owned by Carl Weiler after he emigrated to the United States from Nazi Germany in December 1937. Karl lost his position as an assistant judge in March 1933 when the new Nazi government purged the civil service of Jews and passed a law to that effect April 7 with the first Aryan only qualification clause. Karl rejoined the family agricultural firm in Brakel. Anti-Jewish pressures increased and, in May 1936, the firm’s board of directors was forced to sell the business at a loss to a Nazi approved buyer. In December 1937, Karl left for the US. After the war ended in May 1...