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Displaying items 10,121 to 10,140 of 10,553
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Language of Description: English

  1. Envelope postmarked Warsaw and New York 1940 saved by a Jewish Lithuanian concentration camp survivor

    Airmail envelope received by the Jaffe family in New York, relatives of Nesse Galperin Godin. It was postmarked December 1940 and sent from Warsaw in German occupied Poland to New York. In June 1941, Siauliai, Lithuania, where Nesse lived with her closeknit family, was occupied by Nazi Germany. Nesse, her parents Pinchas and Sara, and her brothers, Yechezkel and Menashe were soon forced into the ghetto. When Nesse turned 15 in 1943, she had to report for forced labor. That November, her father was deported to Auschwitz, and gassed upon arrival. In July 1944, the ghetto was emptied. Menashe ...

  2. Zehngut and Weiss families papers

    1. Zehngut and Weiss families collection

    The Zehngut and Weiss families papers consist of biographical materials, correspondence, photographs, and research material relating to the Zehngut and Weiss families from Austria. The papers document the immigration of Inge and Kitty Weiss among the “50 children” brought to the United States from Vienna by Brith Sholom and Gilbert and Eleanor Kraus, as well as the immigration of their parents Stella Zehngut Weiss and Leon Weiss. Biographical materials include school records, a birth certificate and naturalization certificate, resumes, and a memorial program and obituary documenting Inge We...

  3. Drawing of the stairway near her hiding place by Jewish teenager

    1. Ava Kadishson Schieber collection

    Pencil drawing of steps near a wooden wagon drawn by Ava Hegedish at the farm where she lived in hiding from spring 1941 to October 1944 near Belgrade, Yugoslavia (now Serbia.) The wooden shack where she lived was nearby. In April 1941, Nazi Germany and its Axis partners partitioned Yugoslavia. Belgrade was under German control. Ava's father Leo decided the family's best chance of survival was to separate and go into hiding. He returned to Novy Sad; her mother and her sister Susanna remained in Belgrade. Susanna's Greek Orthodox husband had Serbian relatives with a farm near Belgrade and th...

  4. Drawing of her mother's shoes by a Jewish teenager in hiding

    1. Ava Kadishson Schieber collection

    Pencil drawing of a worn pair of her mother's shoes drawn by Ava Hegedish at the farm where she lived in hiding from spring 1941 to October 1944 near Belgrade, Yugoslavia (now Serbia.) In April 1941, Nazi Germany and its Axis partners partitioned Yugoslavia. Belgrade was under German control. Ava's father Leo decided the family's best chance of survival was to separate and go into hiding. He returned to Novy Sad; her mother and her sister Susanna remained in Belgrade. Susanna's Greek Orthodox husband had Serbian relatives with a farm near Belgrade and they agreed to take in Ava, then 15. Sh...

  5. Drawing of a large leafy tree near her hiding place by a Jewish teenager

    1. Ava Kadishson Schieber collection

    Ink drawing of large tree drawn by Ava Hegedish at the farm where she lived in hiding from spring 1941 to October 1944 near Belgrade, Yugoslavia (now Serbia.) In April 1941, Nazi Germany and its Axis partners partitioned Yugoslavia. Belgrade was under German control. Ava's father Leo decided the family's best chance of survival was to separate and go into hiding. He returned to Novy Sad; her mother and her sister Susanna remained in Belgrade. Susanna's Greek Orthodox husband had Serbian relatives with a farm near Belgrade and they agreed to take in Ava, then 15. She did farm labor and lived...

  6. Drawing of her hiding place by a Jewish teenager

    1. Ava Kadishson Schieber collection

    Pencil drawing of a wooden shed by Ava Hegedish where she lived in hiding on a farm from spring 1941 to October 1944 near Belgrade, Yugoslavia (now Serbia.) In April 1941, Nazi Germany and its Axis partners partitioned Yugoslavia. Belgrade was under German control. Ava's father Leo decided the family's best chance of survival was to separate and go into hiding. He returned to Novy Sad; her mother and her sister Susanna remained in Belgrade. Susanna's Greek Orthodox husband had Serbian relatives with a farm near Belgrade and they agreed to take in Ava, then 15. She did farm labor and lived i...

  7. Sketches of a foot and 2 hands done in hiding by Jewish teenager

    1. Ava Kadishson Schieber collection

    Pencil drawings of a foot and two hands done by Ava Hegedish, at the farm where she lived in hiding from spring 1941 to October 1944 near Belgrade, Yugoslavia (now Serbia.) In April 1941, Nazi Germany and its Axis partners partitioned Yugoslavia. Belgrade was under German control. Ava's father Leo decided the family's best chance of survival was to separate and go into hiding. He returned to Novy Sad; her mother and her sister Susanna remained in Belgrade. Susanna's Greek Orthodox husband had Serbian relatives with a farm near Belgrade and they agreed to take in Ava, then 15. She did farm l...

  8. Hand-embroidered child's vest made by a Polish Jewish woman

    1. Sara Lamhaut Boucart collection

    Hand-embroidered child’s vest sent to Sara Lamhaut in Brussels, Belgium, by her grandmother, Rykla Goldwasser, in Łódź, Poland. Sara was born in Brussels in 1931, to Polish parents, Icek and Chana Lamhaut. After Belgium was invaded by Germany in May 1940, Chana and Icek began participating in resistance activities, including covertly printing Jewish newspapers in their apartment. On May 26, 1942, Chana and Icek were taken into custody by gestapo and SS officers. Icek was released, but Chana was imprisoned and tortured for six months in the Saint Gilles prison. She was then sent to the Mec...

  9. Monaural wooden stethoscope used by a Jewish German refugee and US Army medic

    1. Bruno Lambert collection

    Wooden Pinard fetal stethoscope (or fetoscope) used by Dr. Bruno Lambert, who immigrated to the United States from Nazi Germany in 1938, and served in the United States Army Medical Corps during the war. The Pinard stethoscope was designed in 1895, and is an efficient, low-cost way to hear babies’ heartbeats while in utero. Bruno attended medical school in Germany from 1932-1937, but he was not allowed to receive a diploma as a Jew under the Nazi regime. He transferred to a university in Switzerland, and earned a Doctorate of Medicine in July 1938. With the help of Margaret Bergmann, Bruno ...

  10. Electrotherapy machine used by a Jewish German US Army medic

    1. Bruno Lambert collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn135414
    • English
    • 1932-1945
    • a: Height: 6.000 inches (15.24 cm) | Width: 16.750 inches (42.545 cm) | Depth: 13.750 inches (34.925 cm) b: Height: 50.125 inches (127.318 cm) | Diameter: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm) c: Height: 49.875 inches (126.683 cm) | Diameter: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm)

    Electrotherapy machine brought from Nazi Germany by Dr. Bruno Lambert, who immigrated to the United States in 1938, and served in the United States Army Medical Corps during the war. Electrotherapy involves using low-level electric currents to treat issues relating to the nervous or musculoskeletal systems. Bruno attended medical school in Germany from 1932-1937, but he was not allowed to receive a diploma as a Jew under the Nazi regime. He transferred to a university in Switzerland, and earned a Doctorate of Medicine in July 1938. With the help of Margaret Bergmann, Bruno immigrated to the...

  11. Pelvic calipers used by a Jewish German US Army medic

    1. Bruno Lambert collection

    Calipers brought from Nazi Germany by Dr. Bruno Lambert, who immigrated to the United States in 1938, and served in the United States Army Medical Corps during the war. Medical calipers were used to measure the thickness or breadth of a part of the body. Bruno attended medical school in Germany from 1932-1937, but he was not allowed to receive a diploma as a Jew under the Nazi regime. He transferred to a university in Switzerland, and earned a Doctorate of Medicine in July 1938. With the help of Margaret Bergmann, Bruno immigrated to the US in August. Margaret was a Jewish athlete who was b...

  12. Electric retinoscope used by a Jewish German US Army medic

    1. Bruno Lambert collection

    Retinoscope used by Dr. Bruno Lambert, who immigrated to the United States from Nazi Germany in 1938, and served in the United States Army Medical Corps during the war. Retinoscopes light the internal eye, allowing a doctor to measure how the retina reflects light. Bruno attended medical school in Germany from 1932-1937, but he was not allowed to receive a diploma as a Jew under the Nazi regime. He transferred to a university in Switzerland, and earned a Doctorate of Medicine in July 1938. With the help of Margaret Bergmann, Bruno immigrated to the US in August. Margaret was a Jewish athlet...

  13. Main Camp 122 Compiegne Black and white linocut print of the Compiègne internment camp created by Jacques Gotko

    1. Waldman family collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn619220
    • English
    • overall: Height: 8.125 inches (20.638 cm) | Width: 11.000 inches (27.94 cm) pictorial area: Height: 5.125 inches (13.018 cm) | Width: 6.625 inches (16.828 cm)

    Linocut print of a yard in the Compiègne internment camp in German-occupied France created by artist Jacques Gotko in 1942. The print was acquired by George Waldman, who was held in Compiègne from December 1941 to July 1943. George, Betsy, and their teenage son, John, were American citizens who lived in Paris to manage their paper import-export business. In response to the German invasion of Poland, France declared war on Germany on September 3, 1939. In May of 1940, Germany invaded and quickly defeated France, occupying the northern half of the country. In 1941, the Germans began rounding ...

  14. Belgium, 10 francs or 2 belga note, acquired by a German Jewish refugee in the British army

    1. Manfred and Anita Lamm Gans family collection

    Bank note, valued at 10 francs, acquired by Manfred Gans, a German-Jewish refugee who served as a Marine Commando for the British Army from May 1944 to May 1945. Manfred’s troop served in Belgium during the fall of 1944 and he placed this note into his Soldier’s Book. The note was a special issue distributed by the National Bank of Belgium after allied forces liberated the country from German occupation in 1944. In 1938, to escape Nazi-controlled Germany, Manfred immigrated to England. After Great Britain declared war against Germany on September 3, 1939, he was classified as an enemy alien...

  15. Certificate of Citizenship document case belonging to a German Jewish refugee couple

    1. Manfred and Anita Lamm Gans family collection

    “Certificate of Citizenship” document case owned by Anita Lamm and Manfred Gans, German-Jewish refugees who became United States citizens in 1945 and 1955. In 1938, to escape Nazi-controlled Germany, Manfred’s father helped Anita and her parents immigrate to the United States, and Manfred immigrated to England. After Great Britain declared war against Germany on September 3, 1939, he was classified as an enemy alien, arrested, and sent to an internment camp on the Isle of Man. Manfred later enlisted in the British Army, where he spent two years assigned to a labor unit before being recruite...

  16. Watercolor portrait of Carl Atkin, former director of Deggendorf displaced persons camp

    1. Carl Atkin collection

    Watercolor portrait of Carl Atkin, former director of Deggendorf displaced persons camp in the American zone of Germany, and created by Annemarie Loewe Durra in 1945. On August 9, 1945, Annemarie arrived at Deggendorf after she and many other former prisoners were transferred from Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp where they had been imprisoned in German-occupied Czechoslovakia. There was an active cultural community at Deggendorf and Annemarie contributed illustrations to the Deggendorf Center Review, a newspaper issued by the camp’s Jewish Committee. Prior to the end of World War II in 194...

  17. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 1 krone note, owned by a German Jewish survivor

    1. Gerhard and Ursula Naumann Maschkowski collection

    Theresienstadt scrip, valued at 1 (eine) krone, belonging to Gerhard Maschkowski. Gerhard was not interned in the ghetto-labor camp in German occupied Czechoslovakia, but his wife Ursula Naumann and his parents were there several years. Inmates were not allowed to have currency and the SS ordered the Jewish Council to design scrip for use only in the camp. Produced in 7 denominations: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, it was issued to create a false appearance of normalcy in the camp. There was nothing to obtain with the scrip. Gerhard lived with his parents Arthur and Herta, and brother Siegfried ...

  18. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 5 kronen note, owned by a German Jewish survivor

    1. Gerhard and Ursula Naumann Maschkowski collection

    Theresienstadt scrip, valued at 5 [funf] kronen, belonging to Gerhard Maschkowski. Gerhard was not interned in the ghetto-labor camp in German occupied Czechoslovakia, but his wife Ursula Naumann and his parents were there several years. Inmates were not allowed to have currency and the SS ordered the Jewish Council to design scrip for use only in the camp. Produced in 7 denominations: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, it was issued to create a false appearance of normalcy in the camp. There was nothing to obtain with the scrip. Gerhard lived with his parents Arthur and Herta, and brother Siegfried...

  19. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 20 kronen note, owned by a German Jewish survivor

    1. Gerhard and Ursula Naumann Maschkowski collection

    Theresienstadt scrip, valued at 20 [zwanzig] kronen, belonging to Gerhard Maschkowski. Gerhard was not interned in the ghetto-labor camp in German occupied Czechoslovakia, but his wife Ursula Naumann and his parents were there several years. Inmates were not allowed to have currency and the SS ordered the Jewish Council to design scrip for use only in the camp. Produced in 7 denominations: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, it was issued to create a false appearance of normalcy in the camp. There was nothing to obtain with the scrip. Gerhard lived with his parents Arthur and Herta, and brother Siegf...

  20. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 50 kronen note, owned by a German Jewish survivor

    1. Gerhard and Ursula Naumann Maschkowski collection

    Theresienstadt scrip, valued at 50 [funfzig] kronen, belonging to Gerhard Maschkowski. Gerhard was not interned in the ghetto-labor camp in German occupied Czechoslovakia, but his wife Ursula Naumann and his parents were there several years. Inmates were not allowed to have currency and the SS ordered the Jewish Council to design scrip for use only in the camp. Produced in 7 denominations: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, it was issued to create a false appearance of normalcy in the camp. There was nothing to obtain with the scrip. Gerhard lived with his parents Arthur and Herta, and brother Siegf...