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Displaying items 8,981 to 9,000 of 9,158
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Language of Description: English
Item type: Archival Descriptions

  1. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 100 kronen note, belonging to an Austrian Jewish woman

    1. Lucie Steinhagen collection

    Scrip, valued at 100 kronen, distributed in Theresienstadt (Terezin) ghetto-labor camp, obtained by inmate Lucie Fried (Steinhagen). Currency was confiscated from inmates and replaced with scrip, which could only be used in the camp. The scrip was part of an elaborate illusion to make the camp seem normal and appear as though workers were being paid for their labor, but the money had no real monetary value. Lucie was deported to Theresienstadt from Vienna, Austria in August 1942, accompanied by her mother, Fanny Fried, and her grandmother, Jeanette Weiss. Lucie had a job in the Jewish-run r...

  2. Peach floral printed chemise saved by a Hungarian Jewish refugee

    1. Bela Gondos family collection

    Floral printed silk slip custom made for Anna Havas Gondos and taken with her when she was deported from Budapest, Hungary to Bergen-Belsen on the Kasztner train with her husband Bela and 7 year old daughter Judit in June 1944. The family brought their best clothing since they believed they were going to Portugal. Jews were increasingly persecuted by the Nazi-influenced Hungarian regime. Bela worked on 2 or 3 forced labor battalions until released in 1942 because he was a physician. On March 19, 1944, Germany invaded Hungary and the authorities prepared to deport all the Jews from Hungary t...

  3. Circular, geometric-patterned earring owned by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Leopold and Herta Stoer family collection

    Single damascene earring brought to the United States by Herta Schwarzbart Stoer when she emigrated from Vienna, Austria, in February 1939. The earring likely belonged to her mother, Pauline Schwarzbart (née Flesch). Herta lived in Vienna with her mother and father, Arthur Schwarzbart, and four siblings: Hilda, Fritz, Ella, and Hansi. Arthur died from tetanus in November 1914 during his military service in World War I. As a result, Pauline had to close the lingerie business they ran together before the war. Her daughter, Hilda began making and selling children’s clothing out of a storefront...

  4. Partial gold dental bridge with crown owned by an Austrian Jewish refugee

    1. Leopold and Herta Stoer family collection

    Partial gold dental bridge with false tooth and crown likely brought to the United States by Herta Schwarzbart Stoer when she emigrated from Vienna, Austria, in February 1939. The bridge likely belonged to her mother, Pauline Schwarzbart (née Flesch). Herta lived in Vienna with her mother and father, Arthur Schwarzbart, and four siblings: Hilda, Fritz, Ella, and Hansi. Arthur died from tetanus in November 1914 during his military service in World War I. As a result, Pauline had to close the lingerie business they ran together before the war. Her daughter, Hilda began making and selling chil...

  5. Varia

    1. Record Center.

    In box [Varia 1]; correspondence, leaflets, tracts, activity reports of the Fédération sioniste de Belgique (FSB) (1952-1981), correspondence of the FSB (1974-1981), advertisement and pamphlets, programs of the FSB (1964-1980), answers to the survey questions of the sociological survey of the CNHEJ and the fédération de la jeunesse juive de Belgique (FJJB), tracts from the FJJB (1974), statutes from the fondation Bischoffsheim (which has an objective of endowing young deserving Israeli girls).Box [Varia 2]: documents regarding the Forêt Roi Baudouin, correspondence (1962-1966), press clippi...

  6. Watercolor painting of a courtyard given to an UNRRA official

    1. Rachel Greene Rottersman collection

    Watercolor painting of a courtyard in the city of Markgröningen, Germany, painted by artist Richard Kiwit (or Kivit) and gifted to Rachel Greene Rottersman, director of the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) Aglasterhausen Children’s Center, in Unterschwarzach, Germany. Markgröningen is a city located 20 kilometers northwest of Stuttgart, and about 60 kilometers south from Aglasterhausen. Richard Kiwit was a well-known Estonian illustrator who moved to Germany in 1944. His daughter, Dagmar Elisabeth Kiwit (later Moder), was a pediatrician, and following the wa...

  7. Nahum Goldmann

    Born in the Russian Empire (now Belarus) in 1895, Nahum Goldmann received a law degree and PhD from the University of Heidelberg. He was President of the World Jewish Congress from 1948 to 1977 which he founded with Stephen Wise. He was a Zionist activist but was often critical of Israeli public policy. He was instrumental in creating the Jewish Material Claims Conference. Goldmann wrote an autobiography called "Sixty Years of Jewish Life" in 1969. He died in 1982. In this interview shot in Israel, Lanzmann and Goldmann discuss Stephen Wise, when the Jews realized the reality of the Final S...

  8. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 50 kronen note, acquired by Czech refugee

    1. Raul Hilberg collection

    50 (funfzig) mark Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp note given to Raul Hilberg by Frank Petschek, who, with his wife, as well as the extended Petschek family, had to flee Czechoslovakia after its annexation by Nazi Germany in fall 1938. After the war, the confiscation of the Petschek family's vast business and land holdings by the Nazi regime were used for a major case in the War Criminals trials at Nuremberg. Hilberg and his parents fled Vienna, Austria, after its annexation by Germany in March 1938. It was Petschek's generosity that made possible the publication of Hilberg's landmark work,...

  9. Wrought iron gates and related parts from the Jewish cemetery in Tarnow, Poland

    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn5266
    • English
    • 1920-1990
    • a: Height: 100.250 inches (254.635 cm) | Width: 107.000 inches (271.78 cm) | Depth: 3.875 inches (9.843 cm) b: Height: 11.500 inches (29.21 cm) | Width: 2.750 inches (6.985 cm) | Depth: 1.250 inches (3.175 cm) c: Height: 11.625 inches (29.528 cm) | Width: 2.500 inches (6.35 cm) | Depth: 1.250 inches (3.175 cm) d: Height: 11.625 inches (29.528 cm) | Width: 3.375 inches (8.573 cm) | Depth: 1.625 inches (4.128 cm) e: Height: 1.875 inches (4.763 cm) | Width: 8.125 inches (20.638 cm) | Depth: 4.000 inches (10.16 cm) f: Height: 1.250 inches (3.175 cm) | Width: 3.500 inches (8.89 cm) | Depth: 1.875 inches (4.763 cm) g: Height: 1.125 inches (2.858 cm) | Width: 3.375 inches (8.573 cm) | Depth: 3.000 inches (7.62 cm) h: Height: 1.125 inches (2.858 cm) | Width: 3.500 inches (8.89 cm) | Depth: 2.250 inches (5.715 cm) i: Height: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm) | Width: 2.750 inches (6.985 cm) | Depth: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm) j: Width: 2.000 inches (5.08 cm) | Depth: 2.000 inches (5.08 cm) k: Width: 2.250 inches (5.715 cm) | Depth: 3.500 inches (8.89 cm) l: Width: 1.000 inches (2.54 cm) | Depth: 3.125 inches (7.938 cm) m: Width: 1.000 inches (2.54 cm) | Depth: 3.625 inches (9.208 cm) n: Width: 1.000 inches (2.54 cm) | Depth: 3.375 inches (8.573 cm) o: Height: 2.125 inches (5.398 cm) | Diameter: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm) p: Height: 2.375 inches (6.033 cm) | Width: 0.625 inches (1.588 cm) | Depth: 0.500 inches (1.27 cm) q: Height: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm) | Width: 0.500 inches (1.27 cm) | Depth: 0.625 inches (1.588 cm) r: Height: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm) | Width: 2.250 inches (5.715 cm) | Depth: 3.125 inches (7.938 cm) s: Width: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm) | Depth: 1.750 inches (4.445 cm) t: Height: 21.625 inches (54.928 cm) | Width: 53.000 inches (134.62 cm)

    Wrought iron, double gate from the Jewish cemetery in Tarnów, Poland, acquired by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM) in 1991. Jewish settlement in the city and the cemetery date back to the 16th century and prior to World War II, 25,000 Jews lived in Tarnów. In September 1939, in accordance with the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, Germany invaded western Poland while the Soviet Union annexed eastern Poland. On September 7, German forces occupied Tarnów and burned all of the city’s synagogues. German authorities blocked Jewish bank accounts, closed schools, required Jews to display...

  10. Imperial Russia, gold 10 ruble coin saved by a Jewish Polish family living in hiding with partisans

    1. Harold Minuskin family collection

    10 ruble gold coin hidden by Shanke Minuskin when she and her family lived with partisans in the Lipichanski forest in Poland (Bialowieza Forest (Poland and Belarus) from 1942-1944. The coins were used to bargain for food, clothing, and weapons from the local peasants; if the currency was not accepted, force often was used instead. Shanke, her husband, Shlamke, her sons, 3 year old Henikel and 1 year old Kalmanke, fled Zhetel, Poland, shortly after it was occupied by Germany in June 1941. Shlamke escaped to the Belorussian forest where he joined a group of partisan fighters. Shanke and the ...

  11. Imperial Russia, gold 5 ruble coin saved by a Jewish Polish family living with partisans

    1. Harold Minuskin family collection

    5 ruble gold coin hidden by Shanke Minuskin when she and her family lived with partisans in the Lipichanski forest in Poland (Bialowieza Forest (Poland and Belarus) from 1942-1944. The coins were used to bargain for food, clothing, and weapons from the local peasants; if the currency was not accepted, force often was used instead. Shanke, her husband, Shlamke, her sons, 3 year old Henikel and 1 year old Kalmanke, fled Zhetel, Poland, shortly after it was occupied by Germany in June 1941. Shlamke escaped to the Belorussian forest where he joined a group of partisan fighters. Shanke and the c...

  12. Pencil holder and red pencil used by a Dutch resistance member to forge identity cards

    1. Gerry van Heel collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn42638
    • English
    • a: Height: 2.500 inches (6.35 cm) | Width: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm) | Depth: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm) b: Height: 3.625 inches (9.208 cm) | Width: 0.375 inches (0.953 cm) | Depth: 0.375 inches (0.953 cm) c: Diameter: 0.500 inches (1.27 cm)

    Red pencil and holder used by Gerry van Heel to forge documents for the Dutch resistance and for Jewish people living in hiding in Eindhoven, Holland. On May 10, 1940, Germany invaded the Netherlands. By summer 1942, the Germans were deporting Jews to concentration camps. Gerry and his wife Molly aided resistance efforts by hiding wounded English pilots, Dutch Army officers, and Jews. In the fall of 1942, Molly urged her friend, Dora Kann, to go into hiding. Molly and Gerald hid Dora's young daughters, 12 year old Elise and 8 year old Judith; their brothers, 14 year old Otto and 5 year old ...

  13. Account book used by a Dutch resistance member to forge identity cards

    1. Gerry van Heel collection

    Register book used used by Gerry van Heel to forge documents for the Dutch resistance and for Jewish people living in hiding in Eindhoven, Holland. On May 10, 1940, Germany invaded the Netherlands. By summer 1942, the Germans were deporting Jews to concentration camps. Gerry and his wife Molly aided resistance efforts by hiding wounded English pilots, Dutch Army officers, and Jews. In the fall of 1942, Molly urged her friend, Dora Kann, to go into hiding. Molly and Gerald hid Dora's young daughters, 12 year old Elise and 8 year old Judith; their brothers, 14 year old Otto and 5 year old Jac...

  14. Postage stamp for use by a Dutch resistance member to forge identity cards

    1. Gerry van Heel collection

    Postage stamp for use by Gerry van Heel to forge documents for the Dutch resistance and for Jewish people living in hiding in Eindhoven, Holland. On May 10, 1940, Germany invaded the Netherlands. By summer 1942, the Germans were deporting Jews to concentration camps. Gerry and his wife Molly aided resistance efforts by hiding wounded English pilots, Dutch Army officers, and Jews. In the fall of 1942, Molly urged her friend, Dora Kann, to go into hiding. Molly and Gerald hid Dora's young daughters, 12 year old Elise and 8 year old Judith; their brothers, 14 year old Otto and 5 year old Jacob...

  15. Postage stamp for use by a Dutch resistance member to forge identity cards

    1. Gerry van Heel collection

    Postage stamp for use by Gerry van Heel to forge documents for the Dutch resistance and for Jewish people living in hiding in Eindhoven, Holland. On May 10, 1940, Germany invaded the Netherlands. By summer 1942, the Germans were deporting Jews to concentration camps. Gerry and his wife Molly aided resistance efforts by hiding wounded English pilots, Dutch Army officers, and Jews. In the fall of 1942, Molly urged her friend, Dora Kann, to go into hiding. Molly and Gerald hid Dora's young daughters, 12 year old Elise and 8 year old Judith; their brothers, 14 year old Otto and 5 year old Jacob...

  16. Postage stamp for use by a Dutch resistance member to forge identity cards

    1. Gerry van Heel collection

    Postage stamp for use by Gerry van Heel to forge documents for the Dutch resistance and for Jewish people living in hiding in Eindhoven, Holland. On May 10, 1940, Germany invaded the Netherlands. By summer 1942, the Germans were deporting Jews to concentration camps. Gerry and his wife Molly aided resistance efforts by hiding wounded English pilots, Dutch Army officers, and Jews. In the fall of 1942, Molly urged her friend, Dora Kann, to go into hiding. Molly and Gerald hid Dora's young daughters, 12 year old Elise and 8 year old Judith; their brothers, 14 year old Otto and 5 year old Jacob...

  17. Postage stamp for use by a Dutch resistance member to forge identity cards

    1. Gerry van Heel collection

    Postage stamp for use by Gerry van Heel to forge documents for the Dutch resistance and for Jewish people living in hiding in Eindhoven, Holland. On May 10, 1940, Germany invaded the Netherlands. By summer 1942, the Germans were deporting Jews to concentration camps. Gerry and his wife Molly aided resistance efforts by hiding wounded English pilots, Dutch Army officers, and Jews. In the fall of 1942, Molly urged her friend, Dora Kann, to go into hiding. Molly and Gerald hid Dora's young daughters, 12 year old Elise and 8 year old Judith; their brothers, 14 year old Otto and 5 year old Jacob...

  18. Postage stamp for use by a Dutch resistance member to forge identity cards

    1. Gerry van Heel collection

    Postage stamp for use by Gerry van Heel to forge documents for the Dutch resistance and for Jewish people living in hiding in Eindhoven, Holland. On May 10, 1940, Germany invaded the Netherlands. By summer 1942, the Germans were deporting Jews to concentration camps. Gerry and his wife Molly aided resistance efforts by hiding wounded English pilots, Dutch Army officers, and Jews. In the fall of 1942, Molly urged her friend, Dora Kann, to go into hiding. Molly and Gerald hid Dora's young daughters, 12 year old Elise and 8 year old Judith; their brothers, 14 year old Otto and 5 year old Jacob...

  19. Postage stamp for use by a Dutch resistance member to forge identity cards

    1. Gerry van Heel collection

    Postage stamp for use by Gerry van Heel to forge documents for the Dutch resistance and for Jewish people living in hiding in Eindhoven, Holland. On May 10, 1940, Germany invaded the Netherlands. By summer 1942, the Germans were deporting Jews to concentration camps. Gerry and his wife Molly aided resistance efforts by hiding wounded English pilots, Dutch Army officers, and Jews. In the fall of 1942, Molly urged her friend, Dora Kann, to go into hiding. Molly and Gerald hid Dora's young daughters, 12 year old Elise and 8 year old Judith; their brothers, 14 year old Otto and 5 year old Jacob...

  20. Postage stamp for use by a Dutch resistance member to forge identity cards

    1. Gerry van Heel collection

    Postage stamp for use by Gerry van Heel to forge documents for the Dutch resistance and for Jewish people living in hiding in Eindhoven, Holland. On May 10, 1940, Germany invaded the Netherlands. By summer 1942, the Germans were deporting Jews to concentration camps. Gerry and his wife Molly aided resistance efforts by hiding wounded English pilots, Dutch Army officers, and Jews. In the fall of 1942, Molly urged her friend, Dora Kann, to go into hiding. Molly and Gerald hid Dora's young daughters, 12 year old Elise and 8 year old Judith; their brothers, 14 year old Otto and 5 year old Jacob...