• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
• irn49902
• English
• folder 1
• Updated 1 year ago

Fabian Brunner’s letter is the last letter written before he was transported to Auschwitz concentration camp, where he perished in June 1944. The letter, written while working as a forced laborer at an unidentified agricultural center, refers to his wife Sidonia Brunner being sent to Auschwitz concentration camp. The letter reflects Fabian’s anguish at not knowing the fate of his family. The woman to whom the letter is addressed is unknown but believed to be a Christian woman who was assisting or at least trusted by Brunner. The English translation of the letter was compiled by the donor's ...

1. Emanuel Scherer collection

• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
• irn625788
• English
• overall: Height: 3.750 inches (9.525 cm) | Width: 3.250 inches (8.255 cm)
• Updated 1 year ago

Yellow cloth, factory-printed Star of David badge, acquired post-war by Emanuel Scherer, a Jewish refugee and activist from Krakow, Poland, and likely used by its original owner between 1941 and 1945. The badge was used by the German government throughout their occupied territories to stigmatize and control the Jewish population. As a law student at Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Emanuel joined the Jewish Labor Bund. It was a social-democratic organization devoted to strengthening Yiddish culture and socialist values through their network of schools and cultural and fraternal institutio...

1. Edwin Bergmann collection

• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
• irn88135
• English
• overall: Height: 3.875 inches (9.843 cm) | Width: 3.000 inches (7.62 cm)
• Updated 1 year ago

Factory-printed Star of David badge acquired by Edwin Bergmann. On September 1, 1941, all Jews in the Reich six years of age or older were required to wear a badge, which consisted of a yellow Star of David with a black-outline and the word “Jew” printed inside the star in German. The badge was used to stigmatize and control the Jewish population. Edwin Bergmann, his brother, and two cousins were partners in a successful family business that manufactured hairpieces in Laupheim, Germany. After the Nazi party took control of the German government in January 1933, anti-Jewish decrees were pass...

1. Adler family collection

• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
• irn549461
• English
• 1946
• overall: Height: 7.375 inches (18.733 cm) | Width: 5.000 inches (12.7 cm) | Depth: 0.875 inches (2.223 cm)
• Updated 1 year ago

Prayer book, Ünnepi Imádságok, owned by Otto Adler’s mother, Serena Fell Adler, and found in a drawer of the Adler family’s confiscated furniture in Kolozsvár, Hungary (now Cluj-Napoca, Romania), in 1946. A policeman named Grigore Patrascoiu helped Otto and his father, Mihail, find the furniture, which had been stored in the storage shed of a high-ranking Hungarian official. Prior to World War II, Hungary’s alliance with Nazi Germany enabled it to regain previously lost territory. Hungary annexed the northern half of Transylvania, and Cluj, Romania, became Kolozsvár, Hungary. Following the ...

1. Adler family collection

• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
• irn677673
• English
• 1946
• overall: Height: 7.375 inches (18.733 cm) | Width: 5.000 inches (12.7 cm) | Depth: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm)
• Updated 1 year ago

Prayer book, Ünnepi Imádságok, owned by Otto Adler’s mother, Serena Fell Adler, and found in a drawer of the Adler family’s confiscated furniture in Kolozsvár, Hungary (now Cluj-Napoca, Romania), in 1946. A policeman named Grigore Patrascoiu helped Otto and his father, Mihail, find the furniture, which had been stored in the storage shed of a high-ranking Hungarian official. Prior to World War II, Hungary’s alliance with Nazi Germany enabled it to regain previously lost territory. Hungary annexed the northern half of Transylvania, and Cluj, Romania, became Kolozsvár, Hungary. Following the ...

1. Adler family collection

• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
• irn677672
• English
• 1946
• overall: Height: 7.375 inches (18.733 cm) | Width: 5.125 inches (13.018 cm) | Depth: 0.625 inches (1.588 cm)
• Updated 1 year ago

Prayer book, Ünnepi Imádságok, owned by Otto Adler’s mother, Serena Fell Adler, and found in a drawer of the Adler family’s confiscated furniture in Kolozsvár, Hungary (now Cluj-Napoca, Romania), in 1946. A policeman named Grigore Patrascoiu helped Otto and his father, Mihail, find the furniture, which had been stored in the storage shed of a high-ranking Hungarian official. Prior to World War II, Hungary’s alliance with Nazi Germany enabled it to regain previously lost territory. Hungary annexed the northern half of Transylvania, and Cluj, Romania, became Kolozsvár, Hungary. Following the ...

• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
• irn516883
• English
• folder 1
• Updated 1 year ago

The collection consists of six photographs of the Fogel family, the Mermelstein family, and the Klarman family and their life in Botragy, Batyu (Vuzlove, Ukraine), and Szuszko, Czechoslovakia before the Holocaust. The photographs picture both Holocaust victims and survivors. There is also a photograph taken of sisters Irene and Serena Fogel upon their arrival in New York in 1947.

1. Zbigniew Antonii Piotrowski collection

• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
• irn108276
• English
• overall: Height: 3.250 inches (8.255 cm) | Width: 3.250 inches (8.255 cm) folder 1
• Updated 1 year ago

Forced labor badge worn by 14-year-old Zbigniew Piotrowski, to identify him as a Polish forced laborer near Breslau, Germany, between August and November 1944. Zbigniew was a Roman Catholic boy living with his parents, three brothers, and sister, in the port city of Gdynia, Poland, when the German army invaded on September 1, 1939. Shortly after, one of his brothers was abducted off the street for forced labor by the German authorities, and the rest of the family was forcibly transported to the city of Lublin. Zbigniew’s brother was released, and the family relocated to Warsaw, where all bu...

1. Hermanowski family collection

• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
• irn106728
• English
• overall: Height: 2.500 inches (6.35 cm) | Width: 2.750 inches (6.985 cm)
• Updated 1 year ago

Forced labor badge worn by Wojciech Hermanowski, to identify him as a Polish forced laborer in Wriezen and Eberswalde, Germany, near Breslau, between August 1944 and May 1945. Wojciech was a Roman Catholic boy living with his parents, Jan and Stanislawa, and his older brother, Andrzej, in Warsaw, Poland, when the German army invaded on September 1, 1939. Wojciech was no longer allowed to go to school, so he began attending trade school and took general classes in secret. In February 1943, Andrzej was arrested as part of the underground resistance, and later transported to Auschwitz concentr...

• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
• irn501680
• English
• 1940-1943
• folder 1
• Updated 1 year ago

The Fritz G. Cohen collection consists of 37 handwritten postcards, in German, sent from Hannover, Germany, dated 1940-1942, from Lina Cohen, the donor's grandmother, or Margarete Liepmann, or Bertha Abrahamsohn, the donor's aunt, and sent to Hete or Henry Vaderborght or Mimi Lambucht in Brussels (Belgium), and to Dr. J. Gramegna in Genoa, Italy. All the postcards are addressed to "My dear child" or "My dear children" and describe daily family life in Hannover, Germany. The death certificate is from Terezin and dated March 30, 1943; it states that Lina Cohen died in Terezin February 20, 1943.

• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
• irn33879
• English
• 1880-1968
• folder 1
• Updated 1 year ago

The Gabryela Bromberg collection consists of seven pre-war family photographs of the Bromberg family in Lublin, Poland and Berlin, Germany, and the testimony of Regina Jabłońska who hid Gabryela Bromberg from October 1942 until their liberation in July 1944.

1. Gerald Kaiser family collection

• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
• irn510951
• English
• folder 1
• Updated 1 year ago

The Gerald Kaiser papers consist of three photographs. The first depicts Gerald Kaiser (born Jurek Kaiser), age of seven months, in the Kielce ghetto, Kielce, Poland, August 13, 1940, and dedicated to Aunt Geniusia from Jehuda (Jurek). The second photograph is a family portrait of Bernard Kaiser and Cesia Kaiser, with their son, Jurek Kaiser (later Gerald Kaiser) in the Kielce ghetto, Kielce, Poland, August 1940. The third is a photograph of Benard Kaiser holding his son, Jurek Kaiser, while Cesia Kaiser looks on, Kielce ghetto, Kielce, Poland, October 1940.

• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
• irn34666
• English
• folder 1
• Updated 1 year ago

Consists of an “Ahnenbuch” (ancestry book) with insert used by Waffen-SS member Gerhard Hans Herbert Becker to document his family’s racial purity. A pamphlet advertising the Lebensborn program is also included. Becker fathered a child who was part of the Lebensborn program.

1. Fridl and Lea Kufert collection

• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
• irn523083
• English
• 1939
• folder 1
• Updated 1 year ago

Photographic postcard of two women holding a baby. The two women are Frieda Kufert (née Kranz) and her mother. The baby is Frieda's daughter Lea Kufert. All perished in the Holocaust.

• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
• irn14078
• English
• 1938-1944
• folder 1
• Updated 1 year ago

The Gertrude Heller Fischbach collection consists of six photographs relating to the family of Gertrude Fischbach (née Heller). Pictured in the photographs are the parents of Gertrude Fischbach Moritz Heller (b. December 30, 1876) and Friede Heller (b. May 25, 1880), and her parents-in-law Jonas Fischbach (b. October 17, 1885) and Amalie Fischbach (née Dull, b. September 29, 1884). The photographs were taken in Klagenfurt, Austria in 1938; London, England, circa 1939; and 1943-1944 after their arrival in the United States. All pictured were passengers on the MS St. Louis and eventually immi...

1. John and Gisela Marx Eden collection

• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
• irn86677
• English
• 1939-1995
• box oversize boxes book enclosure 1 3 1
• Updated 1 year ago

The Gisela Eden papers consists of correspondence, restitution paperwork, a poesie book, a diary, and family photographs relating to the experiences of Gisela Eden (née Marx) who traveled to England from Germany on a Kindertransport. The correspondence includes letters and postcards written by family and friends in Germany to Gisela Marx while she was living in England, 1939-1957. The letters, largely written by her parents, Leopold and Erna Marx, and relatives are written in German. The restitution paperwork is directed to Gisela Eden and relates to the Marx family. The paperwork includes ...

• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
• irn521354
• English
• 1914-1982
• folders oversize folder 4 1
• Updated 1 year ago

The Goldstein family papers, 1914-1982, contain photographic postcards of Herman Goldstein (1889-1943) serving as a German soldier in World War I; four photographs of Herman, Rita, and Heinz Goldstein (b. 1928) at a celebration aboard the MS St. Louis, 1939; a printed wedding invitation for Herman Goldstein and Rita Goldstein (née Grubner, 1893-1979) held on November 6, 1927 at the Lutzow Strasse Synagogue in Berlin; and a typed letter regarding the publication of the book "Voyage of the Damned," April 18, 1974. Also included are newspaper clippings and magazine articles relating to the MS ...

• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
• irn42064
• English
• 1937-1948
• folder 1
• Updated 1 year ago

The Gottschalk family correspondence consists of correspondence from the Gottschalk family of Libau (Liepaja), Latvia, in the period before, during, and after the Holocaust. Includes correspondence to Agnes Arnsdorff, who had immigrated to Palestine from her family from 1937-1941, and after 1944. Most of the family was murdered by the Einsatzgruppen in December 1941.

• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
• irn543332
• English
• 1922-1944
• oversize folder folder 1 1
• Updated 1 year ago

The Grünberg family papers relate to the wartime experiences of the Grünberg family of Vienna, Austria. The papers include the birth certificates of Siegfried Grünberg and Irma Katz; reissued copies of the marriage certificates of Siegfried and Irma Grünberg, June 5, 1932, and Juda Lieb Katz and Chaja Zilsel Margulies, February 21, 1909; a naturalization certificate for Siegfried Gruen, December 5, 1944; and a certificate for the completion of coursework in elementary education for Siegfried Grünberg, June 1940. Also included are three German passports, Deutsches Reich Reisepass, issued to ...

1. Ilse and Horst (Harry) Abraham collection

• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
• irn593642
• English
• 1937
• overall: Height: 8.000 inches (20.32 cm) | Width: 5.500 inches (13.97 cm) | Depth: 0.750 inches (1.905 cm)
• Updated 1 year ago

Die Thora und die Sprache book, owned by Horst Abraham and carried from Germany to Ecuador in the late 1930s. Following Adolf Hitler’s appointment as Chancellor of Germany in January 1933, anti-Jewish decrees and persecution made life in Germany increasingly difficult. Horst Abraham immigrated to Ecuador from Leipzig, Germany, in 1937, after hearing a rumor that he might be arrested. Horst's parents, Nanette and David, and one of his two brothers, Kurt, joined him there later. In 1942, Horst met Ilse Brilling, who immigrated to Chambo, Ecuador in 1939 with her parents, Hedwig and Isidor, an...