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Displaying items 161 to 180 of 14,588
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Language of Description: English

  1. Krüger Friedrich-Wilhelm

    • Krüger, Friedrich Wilhelm, 1894-1945
    • Krüger, Friedrich Wilehlm, 1894-1957
    • Krüger, Friedrich-Wilhelm 1894-1945
    • Krüger, Friedrich W. 1894-1945
    • Krüger, Friedrich Wilhelm
    • ...

    08/05/1894

    10/05/1945

    SS-Obergruppenführer (1935), General der Polizei (General of Police). 1935 in the Stab Reichsführer SS, 1936 SS-Hauptamt. Since Oct 1939 Höherer SS- und Polizeiführer Ost in Krakow, in addition since May 1942 "Staatssekretär für das Sicherheitswesen im Generalgouvernement". Commanded what was later called the "Blutsonntag von Stanislau" (Bloody Sunday of Stanislawów) on 12 Oct 1941, a mass killing with 12,000 Jews shot. Suicide.

  2. Armia Ludowa

    • People’s Army
    • AL

    Founded in 1944-01-01

    Armia Ludowa was a Polish underground partisan organization, which was active in the generalgouvernement and areas of Poland annexed to the Reich. It was created in 1944-01-01 by the Polska Partia Robotnicza (Polish Workers’ Party). Michał Rola-Żymierski had the command of the Armia Ludowa. In terms of the decree establishing the AL, all Polish armed forces, both in Poland and abroad, were to be subordinated to the authority of Rola-Żymierski. AL drew its inspiration from the Polish Communist Party, and about 5.000 Soviet nationals fought in its ranks. The estimate is that the total of part...

  3. Karski Jan

    • Karski, Jan, 1914-2000
    • Kozielewski-Karski, Jan, 1914-2000
    • Witold 1914-2000 Pseudonym
    • Kozielewski, Jan 1914-2000 Wirklicher Name
    • コジェレフスキ, ヤン
    • ...

    24/06/1914

    13/07/2000

    Resistance fighter. Member of the Polish underground, courier to the Polish Government-in-exile, slipped twice into the Warsaw ghetto in 1942 and subsequently made his way to London and the US to report on the deplorable conditions he witnessed. Righteous gentile.

  4. Úřad československého delegáta v komisi pro stíhání válečných zločinců

    • Office of the Czechoslovak delegate in the United Nations Commission for Prosecution of War Criminals
    • Úřad československého delegáta u mezinárodního vojenského soudu v Norimberku
    • Office of the Czechoslovak delegate at the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg

    The creator of the fonds, the Office of the Czechoslovak delegate in the United Nations Commission for Prosecution of War Criminals (from 1945 known as the Office of the Czechoslovak delegate at the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg) was founded in 1943 and its goal was to represent Czechoslovakia in the commission, to cooperate internationally on investigations and to take actions against war criminals from Czechoslovak point of view. In the same time, the office also reported back to the Czechoslovak government and to the Ministry of Interior and Justice (records of interrogati...

  5. Streckenbach Bruno

    • Streckenbach, Bruno, 1902-1978
    • Streckenbach, Bruno Heinrich Hugo, 1902-1978
    • Streckenbach, Bruno

    07/02/1902

    28/10/1977

    Head of Gestapo Hamburg (1933). Commander of Einsatzgruppe 1 in Poland (1939). In November 1939 appointed Befehlshaber der Sicherheitspolizei und des SD (BdS) of the Generalgouvernement. Head of Amt I of the Reichssicherheitshauptamt (1940). In Waffen SS (1943), general (1944-).

  6. Deutsche Arbeiterpartei

    • German Workers’ Party

    Founded in 1919-01-05

    During the last year of the First World War a political circle was formed in Munich, consisting of factory workers, most of them employed at the railway repair shops. Its aims were to enlighten the workers about the war aim of Germany’s enemies and thus to counter socialist peace propaganda, and to fight the war profiteers. The guiding spirit of this small circle was Anton Drexler. He and other railroad workers eventually founded the Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, which often held meetings in quarters of the Thule-Gesellschaft. In 1919, Hitler was sent by army intelligence to spy on the party and...

  7. Fefer Isaak Solomonovich

    • Fefer, Itzik, 1900-1952
    • Fefer, Isaac.
    • Fefer, Isaac Solomonovič.
    • Fefer, Icik.
    • Feffer, Itzik
    • ...

    1900

    1952

    Author.

  8. Institut d’Étude des Questions Juives

    • Institute for the Study of Jewish Questions
    • IEQJ
    • IEQJE
    • Institut d’Étude des Questions Juives et Ethnoraciales

    1941-05/1943

    The Institut d’Étude des Questions Juives was founded in Paris in 1941-05, mostly funded by the SS, and headed by a bizarre character, Paul Sezille, a former colonial officer whose philosophy was that ‘the Jew must disappear for many future generations’. The pseudo-academic Institute was supposed to study and draw attention to all Jewish matters. It did this by organizing meetings addressed by anti-Jewish speakers, covering the walls of Paris with anti-Semitic posters and using issuing malevolent anti-Semitic pamphlets. The IEQJ was transformed in 1943 into the Institut d’Étude des Question...

  9. Consistoire Central des Israelites de France

    • Central Consistory of the Jews of France

    Founded in 1808

    Representative body of French Jewry, established in 1808, which was historically responsible for Jewish religious life in France. At first, the Consistoire leadership counseled French Jewry to cooperate with the anti-Jewish restrictions set in place by the Vichy government, in order to preserve their dignity. At the same time, the Consistoire protested against the racial laws, and opposed the establishment of the Union of French Jews, an organization set up by the Vichy government to represent French Jewry. The Consistoire was not dissolved by the Vichy authorities; throughout the war it ke...

  10. Badisches Finanzministerium

    • Baden Ministry of Finance

    Aus dem 1807 eingerichteten Finanzdepartement wurde 1808/09 das Finanzministerium geschaffen, das sich seinerseits in ein Staatswirtschafts- und Domänen-, ein Steuer- und ein Kassendepartement unterteilte. Zugleich kam dem Finanzministerium die oberste Leitung des Forst-, Berg- und Salinenwesens zu. Zuständigkeiten bestanden ebenfalls im Bereich des Fluß- und Straßenbaus. Die Verwaltung der Post und Eisenbahn erfolgte jedoch in den Jahren 1860-1881 durch das Handelsministerium, danach war die Eisenbahn 1893-1911 beim Ministerium des Großherzoglichen Hauses und der Auswärtigen Angelegenheite...

  11. Centralne Towarzystwo Opieki nad Sierotami I Dziećmi Opuszczonymi

    • Central Organization for Orphan Care
    • CENTOS

    Founded in 1924

    The Centralne Towarzystwo Opieki nad Sierotami I Dziećmi Opuszczonymi was a voluntary organization set up in 1924 to unite voluntary child-care organizations throughout Poland under one agency. CENTOS operated aid organizations for children and youth, including orphanages, boarding and trade schools, day-care centers, food- and clothing-distribution centers, and children’s camps. It also provided funding to foster families. Prior to the German invasion of Poland, CENTOS functioned more than two hundred Policies cities and cared for tens of thousands of children. CENTOS was very active in th...

  12. Wilhelm Brauckmann

    • Wilhelm Karl August Brauckmann

    Brauckmann was born in Gelsenkirchen, Germany and lived in Luxembourg. He joined the NSDAP in 1935. In autumn 1940, he was appointed to the Civil Administration in occupied Luxembourg (CdZ) and assigned to Subdepartment IVa, headed by Dr. Hans Christian Neugebauer, where he worked until September 1944. He served in a unit dealing with house contents, until 1942, of which he then became commander. After receiving confiscation instructions from Neugebauer, Brauckmann’s unit drew up lists of the contents of deportees’ and migrants’ homes, confiscated their belongings, sold them on the free mar...

  13. International Committee of the Red Cross

    • CICR - Comite International de la Croix-Rouge
    • CICR
    • Red Cross

    1863/present

    The International Committee of the Red Cross was founded in 1863 as a humanitarian organization to moderate between belligerents and to monitor application of humanitarian international law. This body was charged to oversee humane conditions in POW camps among civilian internees during wartime, but gained limited access to concentration camps. With the exception of two visits to Dutch inmates interned at Buchenwald in 1940, and the inspection of Theresienstadt at the behest of the Danish government (where they were fooled in by the SS in 1944), the Red Cross was never able to enter concentr...

  14. Zentralrat der Juden in Deutschland

    • Central Council of Jews in Germany

    1950-07-19/present

    The foundation of the Zentralrat der Juden in Deutschland, along with the Constituent Assembly, took place in Frankfurt (Main) on 1950-07-19. The delegates were sent by Jewish communities that had already been established in the four occupied zones of Germany, which had been placed under American, British, French and Soviet administration. At the time of foundation there were still some 15,000 Jews living in Germany. A Directorate of four people took charge of the affairs of this umbrella organization. 15 representatives of the communities formed a board known as the Council. Frankfurt beca...

  15. Einsatzgruppe B

    • EG B

    1941/1944

    Einsatzgruppe B, 655 troops initially, had its headquarters in Smolensk. Areas of operation were Belorussia and Smolensk district. Its first commander was SS-Obergruppenführer Arthur Nebe. He was implicated in the 1944-07-20 assassination attempt against Hitler and executed in the spring of 1945. Himmler replaced him with SS-Gruppenführer Erich Naumann and later SS-Oberführer dr. Horst Böhme and SS-Standartenführer dr. Heinz Seetzen. SS units, specially trained assassins, assigned terror tasks for the political administration in the Soviet Union and other eastern territories. The Einsatzgru...

  16. Velika župa Vrhbosna

    • Province of Vrhbosna

    Two months after the creation of "Independent State of Croatia", which included Bosnia and Herzegovina, on 10th of June 1941 new legislation was created which formed new regions (velike župe). The state had 22 of these regions at first: Zagorje, Prigorje,Bilogora, Baranja, Vuka, Posavlje, Livac i Zapolje, Gora, Pokuplje, Modruša, Vinodol, Gacka i Lika, Pribir i Sidraga, Cetina, Hum, Dubrava, Usora i Soli, Lašva i Glaž, Pliva i Rama, Krbava i Psat, Sana i Luka, and Vrhbosna. As a head of each "velika župa" there was a governor (veliki župan) that had ministerial authority and led complete ci...

  17. Comité Général de Défense des Juives

    • General Jewish Defense Committee
    • CGDJ

    Founded in 1943-06

    In France it was after the occupation still possible to save thousands Jews by unifying all of the Jewish forces. This objective led to the creation of Comité Général de Défense des Juives in 1943-06. All of the social and political organizations of immigrant Jews united in this committee around a common program. In the spring of 1944, the CGDJ joined with native-born Jews (represented by the Consistory) to form the Conseil Représentatif des Juifs de France (Representative Council of the Jews of France). For the first time in the history of the Jews in France they were brought together in o...

  18. Göring Hermann

    • Göring, Hermann, 1893-1946
    • Goering, Hermann, 1893-1946
    • Goering 1893-1946
    • Göring, Hermann Wilhelm
    • Goering, Hermann Wilhelm
    • ...

    12/01/1893

    15/10/1946

    Reichsmarschall. One of the main leaders of the Nazi state. Headed the Air Ministry and air force (Luftwaffe) and minister in charge of the Four Year Plan.

  19. Central Jewish Committee of the Bergen Belsen Displaced Persons Camp

    • Central Jewish Committee of the Bergen Belsen D.P. Camp
    • CJC

    Bergen-Belsen was liberated by the British Army on 1945-04-15. There were approximately 58,000 survivors at the time of the liberation, of whom approximately 28,000 died from disease and starvation during the first weeks after the liberation. A Displaced Persons (DP) camp was established in Bergen-Belsen and the survivors immediately began to organize themselves. They set up the Central Jewish Committee of the Bergen Belsen Displaced Persons Camp, headed by Josef Rosensaft. The CJC and its various departments took responsibility for the physical and spiritual needs of the camp’s residents. ...

  20. Pohl Oswald

    • Pohl, Oswald
    • Pohl, Ludwig Oswald, 1892-1951
    • Pohl, Oswald, 1892-1951

    30/06/1892

    08/06/1951

    Chief of the SS Economic and Administrative Dept (1942-) ( SS-Wirtschafts- und Verwaltungshauptamt ). Responsible for sending valuables, clothes and hair from gassed Jewish inmates to Germany