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Displaying items 81 to 100 of 14,588
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Language of Description: English

  1. Ringelblum Emanuel

    • Ringelblum, Emmanuel, 1900-1944
    • Ringelblum, Emanuel, 1900-1944
    • Ringelblum, Emmanuel.
    • Ringelblum, E.
    • Ringelblum, ʻImanuʾel, 1900-1944
    • ...

    21/11/1900

    07/03/1944

    Worked in the political underground in the Warsaw ghetto. Administrated the Oneg Shabbat Archive inside the ghetto

  2. Vichy France

    • Vichy Regime

    Founded in 1940-06-22

    Following the German defeat of France in 1940-05, French and German officials signed an armistice on 1940-06-22. Under its terms, northern France came under direct German occupation. Southern France remained unoccupied and was governed by a French administration, headquartered in the city of Vichy. In July the French National Assembly voted to suspend the constitution of the Third Republic and placed the new ‘Vichy regime’ under the leadership of the aging Marshal Henri Philippe Pétain. Officially neutral, Vichy France collaborated closely with Germany. In closely patterned on that of Germa...

  3. Comisia Autonoma de Ajutorare

    • Autonomous Refugee Aid Committee

    The Comisia Autonoma de Ajutorare was established in Romania, Bucharest, after the unsuccessful iron guard revolt and accompanying pogroms of 1941-01. The committee was instituted by leaders of the Union of Jewish Communities, Zionists, businessmen, and women known for their aid activities, in order to amass funds and supplies for the pogrom victims. After the Germans invaded the Soviet Union in mid-1941 and the Romanian authorities began deporting Jews to the region of Transnistria, many new volunteers joined the committee. They provided aid to victims of other persecutions, including the ...

  4. Edelman Marek

    • Edelman, Marek, 1919-2009
    • Edelman, Marek
    • Edelman, Marek, 1922-2009
    • Edelman, M. (1922-2009).
    • Edelmann, Marek 1919-2009
    • ...

    1921

    02/10/2009

    Jewish-Polish political and social activist and cardiologist. Co-founder of ZOB. He took part in the 1943 Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, becoming its leader after the death of Mordechaj Anielewicz. He also took part in the city-wide 1944 Warsaw Uprising. Before his death on 2 October 2009 Edelman was the last surviving leader of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.

  5. Truman Harry S.

    • Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972
    • Truman, Harry, 1884-1972
    • Trumėn, G. 1884-1972
    • Dulumen, 1884-1972
    • טרומאן, הארי ס., 1884-1972
    • ...

    08/05/1884

    26/12/1972

    33rd president of the United States (1945-53).

  6. Seyss-Inquart Arthur

    • Seyss-Inquart, Arthur
    • Seyß-Inquart, Arthur, 1892-1946
    • Zajtich, Arthur, 1892-1946
    • Seyss-Inquart, Arthur, 1892-1946
    • Seyss-Inquart, A. (Arthur), 1892-1946
    • ...

    22/07/1892

    16/10/1946

    Reich governor of Austria. Reich Commissioner of German-occupied Netherlands. Responsible for rounding-up of Dutch Jews.

  7. Ústredňa štátnej bezpečnosti

    • ÚŠB

    The State Security Headquarters (Ústredňa štátnej bezpečnosti, Slovak abbreviation ÚŠB, English abbreviation SSH) was the highest police authority of Slovak Republic (1939-1945). It was the secret service and political police of Tiso´s regime with the defensive intelligence task. The State Security Headquarters existed officially from January 1, 1940 but the decision to create such body was made much earlier, in Fall 1939. By 1942 the SSH existed within the Police department of the Ministry of Interior. From July 1942 it functioned as the separate body with the competence over the whole ter...

  8. Szenes Hannah

    • Senesh, Hannah, 1921-1944
    • Senesh, Channa, 1921-1944
    • Szenes, Hannah, 1921-1944
    • סנש, חנה, 1921-1944
    • Szenes, Anna, 1921-1944
    • ...

    17/07/1921

    07/11/1944

    Jewish paraschutist and poet, emigrated to Palestine to study. In 1944 parachuted into Nazi-occupied Yugoslavia to offer aid to European Jewry. Captured in Hungary within hours after crossing the border, imprisoned , tortured and executed bu Hungarian authorities.

  9. Ciano Galeazzo

    • Ciano, Galeazzo, conte, 1903-1944
    • Chiano, Galeazzo, Conte, 1903-1944
    • Ciano, Galeazzo, 1903-1944
    • Ciano, Galeazzo, comte, 1903-1944
    • Ciano, Galeazzo, conte
    • ...

    1903

    11/01/1944

    Italian Statesman. Married to Mussolini's daughter, fascist. Ambassador to the Holy See (1943), prisoner of the Germans in Bavaria, then in the Gestapo prison in Vienna. Charged with treason on Mussolini's instructions for leading role in 25.7.1943 coup. Shot dead in Verona's Scalzi prison.

  10. Comité de Défense des Juifs

    • Jewish Defense Committee
    • CDJ

    Founded in 1942

    In 1942 the Comité de Défense des Juifs was established as part of the Belgian underground to aid and rescue the nation’s Jews. The CDJ hide thousands of children with non-Jewish families and religious organizations, published clandestine anti-Nazi newspapers, and created false identification papers for Jews in hiding. In addition, they tried to sabotage the German war machine by setting fire to factories and derailing trains. They especially were active against those persons and organizations that they believed were providing useful information to the Nazis. In the summer of 1942, the Comi...

  11. Nationaal Socialistische Beweging

    • National Socialist Movement
    • NSB

    1931/1945

    The Nationaal Socialistische Beweging was a Nazi movement, established by the Dutch nationalist Anton Adriaan Mussert. Its platform borrowed full paragraphs from that of the German Nazi party, but left out all paragraphs referring to Jews. Jews were able to join the NSB. In the 1935 Dutch provincial elections, the Nationaal Socialistische Beweging received eight percent of the country’s vote. This stunned the traditional Dutch political parties, who could not believe that the Nazi Party would gain so much support, and the Catholic church, who could not believe that so much of that support c...

  12. Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei

    • National Socialist German Workers Party
    • NSDAP

    Founded in 1917

    The Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei started as an appendage of the Thule-Gesellschaft formed in 1917. Anton Drexler and other railroad workers founded the Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, which often held meetings in Thule quarters. In 1919, Hitler was sent by army intelligence to spy on the party and quickly became its chairman of propaganda and soon its leader. He added the term Nationalsozialistische to Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, which became ‘Nazi’ in common vernacular. By 1932, it was the largest single party in Germany, but not the majority. In the election that year, Nazis polle...

  13. Codreanu Corneliu Zelea

    • Codreanu, Corneliu Zelea, 1899-1938
    • Zieliński, Corneliu
    • Zelinschi, Corneliu
    • Zelea, Corneliu Codreanu
    • Codreanu, Corneliu Z.
    • ...

    13/09/1899

    30/11/1938

    Romanian politician of the far right, the founder and leader of the Iron Guard or The Legion of the Archangel Michael (also known as the Legionary Movement), an ultra-nationalist and violently antisemitic organization active throughout most of the interwar period. Advocated Romania's adherence to a military and political alliance formed around Nazi Germany.

  14. Brand Joël

    • Brand, Joe͏̈l, 1907-1964
    • Brand, Joël 1906-1964
    • ברנד, יואל, 1906-1964
    • ברנד, יואל, ־1906
    • בראנד, יואל, 1906־
    • ...

    1907

    13/07/1964

    Member of the Relief and Rescue Committee of Budapest; organised rescue and relief for refugees from Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia and Poland and smuggled Jews into Hungary in 1943. After the German invasion of Hungary in 1944, Brand was approached by Eichmann for "Blood for Goods" deal to negotiate between Jewish leaders and Nazis regarding the sparing of 1 million Jews for 10 000 trucks and other goods. In 1961 Brand testified at Adolf Eichmann’s trial in Jerusalem.

  15. Reichsleiterio Rosenbergo operatyvinio štabo okupuotoms sritims Darbo grupė Lietuvoje

    • Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg für die besetzten Gebiete Arbeitsgruppe Litauen
    • Vilnius Branch of the Rosenberg Operative Command of the Lithuanian General Region

    In September 1941, the Nazis established the Vilnius and Kaunas divisions of the Alfred Rosenberg Headquarters. The goal of these units was to collect Lithuania’s Jewish artistic and cultural valuables, which amounted to the plundering and destruction of a large portion of Lithuanian Jewry’s cultural heritage. The Strashun, Balosher, and YIVO libraries, the Sh. An-sky Museum and the Kaunas Society of History and Ethnography were ransacked. A group of approximately twenty inmates from the Vilnius ghetto were forced to assist the Rosenberg Headquarters in this infamous work. Those Jewish inte...

  16. Badisches Ministerium des Innern

    • Baden Ministry of the Interior

    Das Innenministerium wurde im Jahre 1808 gegründet. Ihm unterstanden die Generalstudien-, die Sanitäts- und die Staatsanstaltenkommission. Nach den Umorganisationen der Jahre 1809 und 1812 war das 1. Departement für die Bereiche Landeshoheit, Polizei und Ökonomie zuständig, das 2. Departement aber für die evangelischen und katholischen Kirchenangelegenheiten, die in jeweiligen Kirchensektionen behandelt wurden. Nach einer nur kurzfristigen Verbindung mit dem Justizministerium 1854-1859 wurden die wirtschaftlichen Kompetenzen dem 1860 eingerichteten Handelsministerium zugewiesen, das aber 18...

  17. Kubovy Aryeh Leon

    • Kubovy, Aryeh L., 1896-1966
    • Kubowitzki, Aryeh Leon, 1896-1966
    • Kubovy, Arieh Leon, 1896-1966
    • Ḳubovi, Aryeh L., 1896-1966
    • קובובי, אריה ל.
    • ...

    02/11/1986

    16/05/1966

    Israeli diplomat and writer. Director of World Jewish Congres (1940-). The second Chairman of Yad Vashem.

  18. Stroop Juergen

    • Stroop, Jürgen, 1895-1952
    • Sḥtrop, Yurgen 1895-1952
    • Stroop, Joseph 1895-1952 Frueherer Name
    • Stroop, Josef 1895-1952 Frueherer Name
    • Stroop, Josef, 1895-1952
    • ...

    26/09/1895

    06/03/1952

    SS Brigadeführer. Put down the Warsaw ghetto uprising.

  19. Evreiskii Antifashistskii Komitet

    • Jewish Antifascist Committee
    • EAK

    1942/1948

    In 1942-04 the Soviet government founded several antifascist committees. The Evreiskii Antifashistskii Komitet was the only one that represented a national group. The committee’s goal was to call on the Jews of the World, mainly American Jewry, to join the struggle against Nazi Germany. It used Jewish themes, symbols, and the names of prominent Jews to attract the attention of this target group. The committee was also one of the first institutions to document the atrocities of the Holocaust and the activities of the Jewish resistance. It worked with the Soviet Government Commission for the ...

  20. Poliakov Leon

    • Poliakov, Léon, 1910-1997
    • Poljakov, Lev Vladimirovič, 1910-1997
    • Поляков, Лев Владимирович, 1910-1997
    • Polyaḳov, Leon, 1910-1997
    • Poliakov, Léon, 1910-
    • ...

    1910

    1997

    Jewish historian, emigrated from Russia to France in 1920. Served in the French army during WWII. One of the first historians of the Holocaust