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Displaying items 41 to 60 of 14,588
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Language of Description: English

  1. Szare Szeregi

    1939-09-27/1945

    Szare Szeregi was a code name for Związek Harcerstwa Polskiego in conspiracy. The goal of Szare Szeregi was to educate young people by the fight with the Nazis and give them the opportunity to get an education because learning in polish schools was forbidden.

  2. Reichsstudentenführung

    • National Student Leadership
    • RSF

    Founded in 1936

    The Reichsstudentenführung, a student organization, was established in 1936.

  3. Fond Evreiski Obshtini

  4. Rząd Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej na uchodźstwie

    • Polish Government-in-Exile

    Founded in 1939

    The Rząd Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej na uchodźstwie was located in France after the German-Russian occupation in 1939 and relocated to London after the fall of France in 1940. Several Jews were affiliated with this body, which also supported Żegota and the Żydowski Komitet Narodowy (Jewish National Committee). It received dispatches from the Armia Krajowa about the Final Solution. The Rząd Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej na uchodźstwie was apprised of the fate of the Jews via a cable from the Polish underground in the summer of 1942. It urged the Allies to initiate a retaliation plan against German...

  5. Reichskanzleramtes

    The Reichskanzleramtes was renamend the Reichsministerium des Innern in 1919.

  6. Forces Francaises de l’interieur

    • French Forces of the Interior
    • FFI

    Forces Francaises de l’interieur was an noncommunist French resistance movement, based in France, and loyal to General Charles de Gaulle. Inside France, they engaged in sabotage, espionage, and hit and run tactics against German and Vichy collaborationist forces. Their intelligence reports were especially important prior to the invasion of Normandy. Unlike partisans in the East, they were not anti-Semitic and accepted Jewish members.

  7. Reichsministerium für Volksaufklärung und Propaganda

    Founded in 1933-03-03

    The Reichsministerium für Volksaufklärung und Propaganda was established in 1933-03-03.

  8. War Refugee Board

    • WRB

    Founded in 1944-01-22

    The War Refugee Board was an ad hoc agency created on 1944-01-22 by Executive Order 9417. Its purpose was to circumvent obstruction by the U.S. State Department and rescue Jews. The impetus for the Board came from Josiah DuBois, John Pehle and Randolph Paul. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt had been lobbied by Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morganthau Jr. to create the Board. This proposal was opposed by Secretary of war Henry Louis Stimson and secretary of State Cordell Hull. In addition, rescue legislation was pending in the Senate, crafted by the Bergson Group. The Board was funded l...

  9. Joodse Centrale voor Beroepsopleiding

    • JCB

    1940-06/1943-09-29

    The Joodse Centrale voor Beroepsopleiding was established in 1940-06. The Centre ran the different departments and offered courses and education as well. After 1940-05, when graduating students were no longer allowed to emigrate with a Palestine certificate (British immigration authorization), the Joodse Centrale arranged accommodations for them in Huize Voorburg near Elden. In 1941 the organization was absorbed into the Joodse Raad voor Amsterdam (Jewish Counsil), and in 1943-09-29 it was disbanded.

  10. Reichsgericht

    Founded in 1879

    In 1879 the Reichsgericht of Leipzig became the Reichsgericht of the German Reich.

  11. Reichsvereinigung der Juden in Deutschland

    • Reich Association of Jews in Germany

    1939-07-04/1943

    This successor entity to the Reichsvertretung der Deutschen Juden started 1939-07-04, charged by the Nazis as its major mission emigration of Jews from the Reich. In included all Jews as defined by the Nuremberg Laws, but its jurisdiction was confined to Germany and the Sudetenland. Austria and Bohemia-Moravia were excluded. The Reichsvereinigung der Juden in Deutschland came under the direct control of the SS who gave it tasks that eventually led to the Final Solution. It continued to provide Jewish welfare and schooling. The emigration aspects ended after 1941-10-01. The Emigration sectio...

  12. Zveno

    • Zveno government

    Founded in 1930

    Zveno was a nationalist party, a small group of idealistic military officers and politicians that had an influence on Bulgarian politicians far out of proportion to its size. Zveno played a leading role in the Communist coup of 1944 in Bulgaria.

  13. Komitet Organizacyjny Żydow Polskich w ZSRR

    • Organizational Committee of Polish Jews in the USSR

    Founded in 1944

    The Komitet Organizacyjny Żydow Polskich w ZSRR was founded under the auspices of the pro-communist Związek Patriotów Polskich (Union of Polish Patriots) in Moscow in the summer of 1944. The Komitet Organizacyjny Żydow Polskich w ZSRR consisted primarily of writers, journalists, actors and artists.

  14. Umwandererzentralstelle

    • Central Resettlement Office
    • UWZ

    Umwandererzentralstelle was a German office that oversaw the expulsion of Poles from the Polish territories annexed to the Reich at the beginning of the Second World War and from the Zamosc province in the Generalgouvernement. The office also ran the transit camps in which these Polish exiles were held, and decided how to racially classify them. In 1942 the Umwandererzentralstelle was opened in Lublin and a sub-office was opened in Zamosc. These two offices, which had 30 branches all over Poland, were under the authority of the Higher SS and Police Leader of each region, and were supervised...

  15. Young Men’s Christian Association

    • YMCA

    1844/present

    In 1844 twelve young men led by George Williams founded the first YMCA in England, London. Their objective was the 'improvement of the spiritual condition of the young men engaged in houses of business, by the formation of Bible classes, family and social prayer meetings, mutual improvement societies, or any other spiritual agency.' YMCA staff served Canadian Armed Forces and became one of only two organizations allowed to visit prisoner-of-war camps to ensure medical requirements were being met.

  16. Sicherheitsdienst Leitabschnitt Breslau

    • SD Leitabschnitt Breslau

    The Sicherheitsdienst was an intelligence and surveillance organization, established in 1931 under Reinhard Heydrich. Among its major tasks were monitoring real or imagined enemies of national socialism and reporting on the state of opinion among the German public. The SD was widely represented, for example with an office in Breslau.

  17. Żydowska Samopomoc Społeczna-Komisja Koordynacyjna

    • Jewish Social Self-Help-Coordinating Commission
    • ŻSS-KK

    The Żydowska Samopomoc Spoleczna-Komisja Koordynacyjna was renamed the Żydowskie Towarzystwo Opieki Społecznej (Jewish Social Welfare Association) in 1940-10 and Żydowska Opieka Społeczna in 1941-11. This organization had a modest and ever more greatly reduced agenda (assistance for the hungry, care of deportees), but in reality it was one of the most important centers of community life in the ghetto. It also retained coordinating functions in relation to other welfare associations and supervision of the house committees and refugee centers.

  18. SS-Hauptamt

    • SS-HA

    Founded in 1935

    The SS-Hauptamt was founded in 1935, it was the Supreme Command of the Allgemeine SS, SS-Verfügungstruppe and SS-Totenkopfverbände.

  19. American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee

    • AJDC

    1914/present

    Founded in 1914, the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee provided assistance to Jews around the world, particularly in eastern Europe. During the Nazi era, this umbrella agency for aid organizations in the United States was involved in emigration planning and relief work in Germany, until 1939 providing an increasing share of the budget for German Jewish organizations, such as the Reichsvertretung. The Joint efforts continued after the war began and extended beyond the Reich into countries occupied or controlled by Germany.

  20. Dokumentationsarchiv des Österreichischen Widerstandes

    • DÖW

    1963/present

    Former resistance fighters, victims of Nazi persecution and committed academics set up the Dokumentationsarchiv des Österreichischen Widerstandes in 1963. In the initial phase, when DÖW staff felt constrained to provide proof of the historical contribution of Austrian resistance in the face of spiteful and hostile attacks, the most important task consisted in preparing documents and historical texts as the basis of historical research. At an even later date - in the 1980s - DÖW began to include studies on the murder of physically and mentally handicapped in its research program.