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Displaying items 17,661 to 17,680 of 17,955
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  1. Reichsministerium für Rüstung und Kriegsproduktion

    1943/1945

    The Reichsministerium für Bewaffnung und Munition was renamed in 1943 into the Reichsministerium für Rüstung und Kriegsproduktion.

  2. Organizzazione Zionistica de la Tripolitania

    • Zionist Organization of Tripolitania
    • OZT

    1924/1958-12-03

    The Zionist Organization of Tripolitania was founded in 1924, and dissolved in 1958-12-03 by the Libyan government.

  3. Militärbefehlshaber in Frankreich

    • MBF

    Founded in 1940

    Within weeks of taking power the Vichy regime became initiating anti-Semitic policies for the whole of the mainland territory and the overseas possessions of France. German occupation authorities, the Militärbefehlshaber in Frankreich, concurrently issued their own discriminatory ordinances against Jews applicable in their zone, the occupied or northern zone; they also began, as did other German organizations, pillaging activities in the zone. The MBF had to maintain order, protect the security of the occupying forces and supervise the French prefects.

  4. Sonderkommando 7b

    1942/1944

    Special SS units of the Einsatzgruppe B.

  5. Forces Françaises Libres

    • Free French Forces
    • FFL

    From his base in London General Charles de Gaulle began to build up the Forces Françaises Libres. At first these consisted merely of French troops in England, volunteers from the French community resident in England since prewar times, and a few units of the French navy. In 1941 FFL participated in British-controlled operations against Italian forces in Libya and Egypt, and that same year they joined the British in defeating the Vichy forces in Syria and Lebanon. By the time of the Allied invasion of Normandy in 1944-06, the FFL had swelled to more than 300,000 regular troops. They were alm...

  6. Reichsamt für Wehrwirtschaftliche Planung

    Reichsamt für Wehrwirtschaftliche Planung was renamed as Reichsamt für Wehrwirtschaftliche Planung. This department of industrial statistics became an independent institution in 1938.

  7. Sicherheitsdienst Leitabschnitt Prag

    • SD Leitabschnitt Prag

    The Sicherheitsdienst was an intelligence and surveillance organization, established in 1931 under Reinhard Heydrich. Among its major tasks were monitoring real or imagined enemies of national socialism and reporting on the state of opinion among the German public. The SD was widely represented, for example with an office in Prag.

  8. Libération

    At the beginning of 1943, with the war at a turning point and Vichy repression escalating, the resistance became more coordinated. Three networks, Combat, Libération, and Franc-Tireur et Partisans, joined together to form the Mouvements Unis de Résistance in 1943-01.

  9. Politieke Opsporingdienst

    • POD

    1945-02/1945-03-01

    The aim of the Politieke Opsporingdienst was to detect and investigate 'bad elements' in Dutch society during the German occupation. The Politieke Opsporingdienst started with this aim in 1945-02, which was renamed the Politieke Recherche Afdeling in 1945-03-01.

  10. Zentralstelle für jüdische Auswanderung Amsterdam

    • Centraal bureau voor Joodse emigratie Amsterdam

    The Zentralstelle für jüdische Auswanderung Amsterdam was the Amsterdam office of the German Sicherheitspolizei und des Sicherheitsdienst, which supervised the deportation of Jews from the Netherlands. Ferdinand Hugo Aus der Fünten was in charge of this office.

  11. Freemasons

    • Masons

    Nazi propaganda linked Jews and Freemasons. Freemasonry became a particular obsession of the chief of Sicherheitspolizei and Sicherheitsdienst, Reinhard Heydrich, who counted the Masons, along with the Jews and the political clergy, as the 'most implacable enemies of the German race’.

  12. Poale Zion-Left

    Founded in 1920

    Poale Zion was a Zionist socialist party. In 1920 as a result of a split, the more radical Poale Zion-Left and the more moderate Poale Zion-Right were formed.

  13. Reichskriegsministerium

    1935/1938

    The Reichswehrministerium was renamed Reichskriegsministerium in 1935. In 1938 Hitler took the Supreme Command over: the Reichskriegsministerium was replaced by the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht.

  14. Central Jewish Committee of the Bergen Belsen Displaced Persons Camp

    • Central Jewish Committee of the Bergen Belsen D.P. Camp
    • CJC

    Bergen-Belsen was liberated by the British Army on 1945-04-15. There were approximately 58,000 survivors at the time of the liberation, of whom approximately 28,000 died from disease and starvation during the first weeks after the liberation. A Displaced Persons (DP) camp was established in Bergen-Belsen and the survivors immediately began to organize themselves. They set up the Central Jewish Committee of the Bergen Belsen Displaced Persons Camp, headed by Josef Rosensaft. The CJC and its various departments took responsibility for the physical and spiritual needs of the camp’s residents. ...

  15. Hoechst A.G.

    Founded in 1863

    Hoechst A.G. was a German factory in chemicals.

  17. Sicherheitsdienst Leitabschnitt Nürnberg

    • SD Leitabschnitt Nürnberg

    The Sicherheitsdienst was an intelligence and surveillance organization, established in 1931 under Reinhard Heydrich. Among its major tasks were monitoring real or imagined enemies of national socialism and reporting on the state of opinion among the German public. The SD was widely represented, for example with an office in Nürnberg.

  18. NSDAP Hauptamt für Volkstumfragen

    • NSDAP Main Office for Folkdom Questions

  19. Entraide Temporaire

    Founded in the 1920s

    Entraide Temporaire, a Paris-based network, was a secular group created by Lucie Chevalley, president of the Service Social d'Aide aux Émigrants. The idea came up to reactivate an existing children's charity founded in the 1920s called Sauvetage de l'Enfance, which for the circumstances was renamed Entraide Temporaire.

  20. Central Yiddish School Organization

    • CYSZO

    Founded in the 1920s

    Founded in the early 1920s as a response to Jewish cultural autonomy after Polish independence, the Central Yiddish School Organization provided secular Jewish education in Yiddish.  As many young Jews began to redefine their Jewish identity in relation to the modern world, some emerged as new kinds of nontraditional rebbes or rebeyim.