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Displaying items 17,561 to 17,580 of 17,956
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  1. Nachtigall

    Nachtigall was a volunteer Bulgarian battalion.

  2. Krajowa Rada Narodowa

    • National Council for the Homeland in Poland
    • KRN

    Led by Party Secretary Władysław Gomułka, the Polska Partia Robotnicza organized a committee called the Krajowa Rada Narodowa, to prepare for the establishment of a future Communist state. In view of the widespread anti-Soviet sentiment in Poland, KRN made a point of emphasizing its alleged independence from Moscow. Meeting for the first time on 1943-12-31, the committee promised to establish a provisional government at a suitable moment in the future, nationalize industry, and expropriate the large landed estates.

  4. Sonderkommando Arajs

    • Arajs Sonderkommando

    Founded in 1941-07-02

    Viktors Arajs, head of the Sonderkommando Arajs, recruited about three hundred men from the Latvian police and military. Under German supervision, they proceeded to shoot Jews at killing pits in the Bikernieki Forest. Between 1941-07 and 1941-09 Arajs's Latvian killers accumulated a body count of about four thousand Jews and a thousand Communists.

  5. Nationaal-Socialistische Nederlandsche Arbeiderspartij

    • National Socialist Dutch Workers’ Party
    • NSNAP

    Founded in 1933

    The Nationaal-Socialistische Nederlandsche Arbeiderspartij, a splinter party that tried to follow the activities and ideology of the Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei in Germany, was founded by Cornelis Jacobus Aart Kruyt.

  6. Niederlandische Aktiengesellschaft für Abwicklung von Unternehmungen

    • Netherlands Joint-Stock Company for the Liquidation of Businesses
    • NAGU

    1941/1945

    Niederlandische Aktiengesellschaft für Abwicklung von Unternehmungen in The Hague was specially entrusted with the valuation of confiscated business or with finding suitable buyers or administrators and mainly interested in large concerns. NAGU was a kind of accountants' office, composed of four separate audit bureaus. The price generally bore no relation to the real value. Within the looting structure, quite a few 'Verwalter' behaved like robbers on their own account.

  7. Stichting 1940-1945

    1944-10-13/present

    Stichting 1940-1945 provides moral, mental and financial support for Dutch persons or groups who participated in the resistance during the Second World War.

  8. Reserve Polizeibataillon

    • Reserve Police battalion

    Reserve Police battalions were initially formed for local duties in Germany. Prewar recruits were volunteers, but wartime recruits were conscripts, older than army recruits. Their training was minimal, and they were not trained at all for mass murder. Police battalion 101 has been analyzed by Browning (1993) and Goldhagen (1996). They say that most of the rank-and-file were Hamburg conscripts, with an average age of 36. Of the 100 whose marital status is known, 99 were married and 72 had children. The most common previous occupation had been policeman, and most of the others had been worker...

  9. Oberstes Parteigericht der NSDAP

    • Supreme Nazi Party Court
    • OPG

    1926/1944

  11. Nederlandse Spoorwegen

    • Dutch Railways
    • NS

    1937/present

    The Nederlandse Spoorwegen continued its activities during the Second World War until the railway strike in 1944-09.

  12. Nástupists

    Vojtech Tuka, the prime minister and foreign minister of wartime Slovakia, was head of the Nástupists, the radical wing of the Hlinkova slovenská l’udová strana.

  13. Deutsche Reichsbahn

    • German State Railroad

    The system and administration of the Deutsche Reichsbahn played a vital role in the implementation of the Final Solution. The Polish Ostbahn was forced to assist in the destruction of European Jewry and other nations, that is, France, Hungary, and Slovakia signed cooperative rail agreements. Initially each transport carried 2,000 deportees; however, as the war turned against the Germans, trains carried up to 5,000 Jews. The trains traveled at an average speed of 31 mph and were often sidetracked. Armed guards made escape difficult. The freight cars were shut tight with little or no provisio...

  14. Einsatzkommando 12

    • EK 12

    1942/1943

    Mobile killing squads of Einsatzgruppe D.

  15. Bundesgerichtshof

    • Federal Court of Justice
    • BGH

    The Bundesgerichtshof is Germany's highest court of general, i.e. civil and criminal, jurisdiction which, at the lower instances, is exercised by the local, regional and higher regional courts that come under the authority of the German federal states. Around 75 percent of all German judges are working in this field. The Staatsgerichtshof (State Court of Justice), which from 1920 had been integrated organizationally and in terms of personnel with the Reichsgericht, was replaced in 1934 by the infamous Volksgerichtshof (People's Court of Justice) which, under its president Roland Freisler, s...

  16. SS Rasse- und Siedlungshauptamt

    • Race and Resettlement Main Office
    • RuSHA

    The SS Rasse- und Siedlungshauptamt was a Nazi racial research office. This bureau compiled genealogical tables including racial statistics of families in Germany and the Netherlands. The RuSHA selected candidates for ‘Germanization’ and kidnapped Polish children who were designated for the Lebensborn, Fountain of Life. It also determined Aryan fitness of ethnic Germans (Volksdeutsche) who wanted to settle in conquered Polish territory and checked the purity of the SS and their mates.

  17. Narodno sotzialno dvizhenie

  18. Witte Brigade

    • Brigade Blanche

    The Witte Brigade was a resistance organization of Liberal origin, and active in Antwerp.

  19. Nationale Koningsgezinde Beweging

    • Mouvement Royal Belge
    • MRB

    The Nationale Koningsgezinde Beweging, a royalist resistance movement, was forbidden in 1941-07. After this prohibition the NKB attracted many militaries and Catholics.

  20. Obszczestwo Razprostranienija Truda Sredi Jewrejew

    • ORT

    Founded in 1880

    The Obszczestwo Razprostranienija Truda Sredi Jewrejew was an association founded in 1880 in Russia, and operating in Poland from 1921 under the name Organizacja Rozwoju Twórczości Przemysłowej, Rzemieślniczej I Rolniczej wśród Ludności Żydowskiej w Polsce. It dealt with craftsmen’s training, running schools and training courses.