Authorities

• Amt der Militärregierung für Deutschland (U.S.)
• OMGUS

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• 1946-1949
• Updated 7 years ago

1946-01-01 / 1949-12-05

The Office of Military Government, United States (OMGUS; German: Amt der Militärregierung für Deutschland (U.S.)) was the United States military-established government created shortly after the end of hostilities in occupied Germany in World War II. Under General Lucius D. Clay, it administered the area of Germany and sector of Berlin controlled by the United States Army. The Allied Control Council comprised military authorities from the United States, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union and France. Though created on January 1, 1946, OMGUS previously reported to the U.S. Group Control Coun...

• Reserve Police battalion

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

Reserve Police battalions were initially formed for local duties in Germany. Prewar recruits were volunteers, but wartime recruits were conscripts, older than army recruits. Their training was minimal, and they were not trained at all for mass murder. Police battalion 101 has been analyzed by Browning (1993) and Goldhagen (1996). They say that most of the rank-and-file were Hamburg conscripts, with an average age of 36. Of the 100 whose marital status is known, 99 were married and 72 had children. The most common previous occupation had been policeman, and most of the others had been worker...

• RELICO

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 10 years ago

Founded in 1939-09

The Relief Committee for the War Stricken Jewish Population was established in Geneva on 1939-09 by Dr. Abraham Silberschein under the aegis of the World Jewish Congress. He assisted Jewish refugees from Germany and later from Poland and Lithuania and other areas of Europe. This organization was instrumental in getting refugees to Kobe, Japan, and Shanghai, China. It was also one of the first to apprise the world of the Chelmno and Treblinka death camps. The Relief Committee for the War Stricken Jewish Population’s attempt to obtain 10,000 South American passports for prominent Poles fell t...

• AJDC

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 5 years ago

1914/present

Founded in 1914, the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee provided assistance to Jews around the world, particularly in eastern Europe. During the Nazi era, this umbrella agency for aid organizations in the United States was involved in emigration planning and relief work in Germany, until 1939 providing an increasing share of the budget for German Jewish organizations, such as the Reichsvertretung. The Joint efforts continued after the war began and extended beyond the Reich into countries occupied or controlled by Germany.

• Baltic Oil Limited Liability Company
• Baltische Öl GmbH

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 9 years ago

1941-1944

German Kontinentale Öl was a holding company which held exclusive rights for both trading oil products and acquiring oil assets in Germany and German-occupied territories. The company operated through its numerous subsidiaries. In July 1941, the subsidiary Baltische Öl GmbH was founded for shale oil extraction in Estonia, and all of the existing oil shale industry in Estonia was merged into it. During the years 1941-1943 most of the workers in the company’s mines and factories were Soviet prisoners of war. The Vaivara concentration camp network (which included numerous subcamps) was establi...

• Police for Jewish Affairs
• PQJ

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

1941-10-19/1942-08-05

In 1941-10 the Commissariat Général aux Questions Juives was reorganized and its role became more aggressive with the creation of the Police des Questions Juives as a unit within it. Not a part of the regular police, and including rogues and pimps from Pigalle in Paris, the PQJ, though it had no legal power to make arrests, specialized in hunting down Jews, both searching and stealing from them, and acting as guards in the internment camps, where they stole jewelry, watches, rings and money. A brutal, violent, and corrupt group, it was transformed on 1942-08-05 into the Section d’Enquête et...

• קרן קימת לישראל
• Keren Kayemet LeYisrael
• Keren Kayemet LeIsrael
• KKL
• JNF

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 8 years ago

From 1901 until present

From its inception, the Jewish National Fund (JNF) - called Keren Kayemet L'Israel in Hebrew - was charged with the task of fundraising in Jewish communities for the purpose of purchasing land in Eretz Yisrael to create a homeland for the Jewish people. JNF's work can be divided into three phases. During its first 50 years, JNF was charged with the task of purchasing the land. Over the next 50 years, JNF directed its efforts to developing the land, planting over 220 million trees, building infrastructure for housing, parks and recreation areas, and helping to settle immigrants from across t...

• League of the Archangel Michael

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

One source of continued instability in Romania was Corneliu Zelea Codreanu’s pro-Nazi Legiunea Arhanghelului Mihail and its paramilitary wing, the Garda de Fier (Iron Guard). The Legionaires, as they were commonly known, operated much like the German Nazi Party’s Sturmabteilung in the 1920s and early 1930s. After the government banned it and other paramilitary groups in 1933, Codreanu transformed the league into a viable political party that garnered almost 16 percent of the popular vote in 1937 elections as part of the rightist coalition with Totul Pentru Tara (Everything for the Fatherlan...

• The Office for Regional Management of public property Tuzla

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• 1942-1947
• Updated 5 years ago

The Office for Regional Management of public property dealt with property and goods, land, buildings, companies, etc that were nationalized and became the state property under Communist Yugoslavia, right after World War 2. In some cases, not only property of Germans and their collaborators became state property, but also the state managed properties of those who were killed during the war (in concentration camps, etc.) or their whereabouts were unknown. In case of Jewish people, the state introduced state-management of their properties either until legal inheritors claimed the property in q...

• The Chantiers

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

Founded in 1940-07

Les Chantiers de la Jeunesse was founded in 1940-07 and headed by General Joseph de La Porte du Theil, who had been an active figure in the Boy Scout movement and who used the Boy Scout motto, ‘be prepared’. This organization was originally intended as an emergency measure to find work for six months for men who had been demobilized or were of draft age. Over 92,000 had been called up for military service in 1940-05, but the war ended before they were a part of a military unit. In a sense the Chantiers replaced conscription. The Chantiers became a mandatory body under the authority of the S...

• German State Railroad

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

The system and administration of the Deutsche Reichsbahn played a vital role in the implementation of the Final Solution. The Polish Ostbahn was forced to assist in the destruction of European Jewry and other nations, that is, France, Hungary, and Slovakia signed cooperative rail agreements. Initially each transport carried 2,000 deportees; however, as the war turned against the Germans, trains carried up to 5,000 Jews. The trains traveled at an average speed of 31 mph and were often sidetracked. Armed guards made escape difficult. The freight cars were shut tight with little or no provisio...

• Coordination Committee of Jewish Relief Organizations

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

Founded in 1941-01-30

Toward the end of 1940, SS Captain Theodor Dannecker, chief of the Judenreferat in France, had begun demanding that Jewish charitable organizations in the occupied zone come together under a single coordinating committee. The result was the creation in Paris on 1941-01-30 of the Comité de Coordination des Oeuvres de Bienfaisance du Grand Paris. Most local French and immigrant Jewish relief groups affiliated with the committee to avoid dissolution. It was superseded by Union Générale des Israélites de France (General Union of the Israelites of France) in 1941-11.

• National Jewish Aid Committee
• OZSSB

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

Founded in 1945-08-31

The Országos Zsidó Segítő Bizottság was established on 1945-8-31. The organization integrated a number of independent groups, often operating at cross-purposes. The Joint, which provided the largest funds, recognized the new organization as the executive arm of the relief effort, i.e., it authorized the Committee to utilize available funds and organize the rehabilitation of as many individuals and Jewish communities as possible. As of August 31, the independent organization, the Deportáltakat Gondozó Országos Bizottság (the National Committee of Hungarian Jews for Attending Deportees) was a...

• War Criminals Department, Legal Division of the Central Committee of Liberated Jews) - Munich

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 10 years ago

The War Criminals Department was established in the American Occupied Zone a short time after the end of World War II. From 1946-1951 it was active as the legal division of the Central Committee of Liberated Jews in Munich, in cooperation with the Central Historical Committee in Munich and other survivor organizations. The role of the division was to locate war criminals and collaborators, to gather documentary material, to collect testimony from survivors and to bring the criminals to trial. In 1960 all the documentation was transferred to the legal department of the Joint Distribution Com...

• Magyarországi Zsidók Deportáltakat Gondozó Országos Bizottsága
• DEGOB

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• 1945
• Updated 9 years ago

One of the key organizations responsible for the repatriation and relief of Holocaust survivors in Hungary. DEGOB was established in Budapest in March 1945. It received its financial support from the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, the International Red Cross, and the Jewish Agency for Palestine. DEGOB organized twenty-six expeditions in 1945 and managed to repatriate several thousand Hungarian deportees from former Nazi camps throughout Europe. In addition to providing aid for survivors, DEGOB was one of the earliest and largest projects to document the mass destruction of Eu...

• General Commission on Jewish Affairs
• CGQJ

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

Founded in 1941-03-29

The establishment of a junior ministerial post for Jewish affairs was influenced by the problem of the ‘aryanization’ of Jewish business. The establishment of the Commissariat Général aux Questions Juives indicated that Vichy was treating the Jewish Question with all the seriousness with which the Germans appeared to endow the question; furthermore Vichy was committing itself to a constant control of the question. On 1943-05-28 the CGQJ formally handed its network of institution over to the Union Générale des Israélites de France.

• The Section for Enquiry and Control
• SEC

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

Founded in 1942-08-05

Police aux Questions Juives, a brutal, violent, and corrupt group, was transformed on 1942-08-05 into the Section d’Enquête et de Contrôle, a more neutral name, set up by Pierre Laval. In spite of its supposed respect for legality, the PQJ and the SEC were only the more extreme forms of typical behavior by the parent Commissariat Général aux Questions Juives. It engaged in spying on inhabitants, intercepting mail, monitoring telephone calls, preventing music by Jewish composers from being performed, and asking the police to rid the town of Vichy of Jews.

• State Office for people's goods of Bosnia and Herzegovina

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• 1945-1946
• Updated 5 years ago

During the second meeting of AVNOJ, on 21st of November 1944 a decision was made to seize all property of enemies of the state, and to introduce state management over properties of absent persons, as well as manage and resolve the status of properties seized by occupying powers during World War 2. Thus, in April of 1945. the State Office for people's goods of Bosnia and Herzegovina was formed and all immovable goods and rights, land property, houses, furniture, forests, mining rights, companies, valuables, stocks, etc were under its management. The goal was to use these assets to maximise t...

• Center for Contemporary Jewish Documentation
• CDJC

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

1943/present

When the Centre de Documentation Juive Contemporaine was founded in 1943 in Grenoble by a committee set up by Isaac Schneersohn, it was a clandestine organization. Its specific objective was to document the Shoah by pooling the information of Jewish organizations and scholars and by collecting documentary evidence. After the liberation of France in 1944, the founder, Isaac Schneersohn, and Léon Poliakov, in charge of research, moved the CDJC to Paris to save it from destruction and to sequester the archives of the Vichy government and of the German occupying forces. Later the CDJC became on...

• Central Welfare Agency for German Jews
• ZWST

• EHRI Corporate Bodies
• Corporate Body
• Updated 1 decade ago

1917/1939

The Zentralwohlfahrtsstelle der Deutschen Juden was founded in 1917 to co-ordinate the diverse social institutions set up by the Jewish community and to care for Jewish veterans of the war or the widows and orphans they left behind. Under the Nazis the task of the Zentralwohlfahrtsstelle der Deutschen Juden was to look after Jews leaving the country and to provide any social care or emergency support which might offer succor or assistance to Jews during that period. In 1939 it was closed down by the authorities and its staff were deported to the camps. After the war the ZWST was revived by ...