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Displaying items 19,161 to 19,180 of 55,761
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  1. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 5 kronen note

    Scrip, valued at 5 kronen, issued in the Theresienstadt (Terezin) ghetto-labor camp in 1943. All currency was confiscated from deportees upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. The Theresienstadt camp existed for 3.5 years, from November 24, 1941 to May 9, 1945. It was located in a region of Czechoslovakia occupied by Germany, renamed the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, and made part of the Greater German Reich.

  2. Pen and ink drawing by David Friedmann of Jews hauling waste in the Ghetto given postwar to a fellow former resident

    Pen and ink drawing created by David Friedmann (from 1960, Friedman) in 1942, when he was incarcerated in the Łódź Ghetto in German-occupied Poland. The work depicts a trio of men called fecalists whose job was to haul away bodily waste. The Ghetto had no running water or sewers. Friedmann gave the drawing to Menachem Rubinstein with a personalized label in July 1950 in Tel Aviv, Israel. The men befriended each other when both were forced to live in the sealed Ghetto, set up by the Germans in February 1940. Rubinstein's three year old son, Dawid, died there in 1943. His wife, Hadasa, also p...

  3. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 1 krone note

    Scrip, valued at 1 krone, issued in the Theresienstadt (Terezin) ghetto-labor camp in 1943. All currency was confiscated from deportees upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. The Theresienstadt camp existed for 3.5 years, from November 24, 1941 to May 9, 1945. It was located in a region of Czechoslovakia occupied by Germany, renamed the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, and made part of the Greater German Reich.

  4. Sign marking the malaria station at Dachau

  5. Inscribed marble tympanum from the former synagogue of Vrable, Slovakia

    Ornamental stone from above the entrance to the 1872 synagogue of Vrable, Slovakia, inscribed with Psalm 118, verse 19. The Jews of Vrable were deported to Auschwitz in 1944 by Hungarian forces allied with Nazi Germany. The abandoned synagogue deteriorated and was demolished in the 1970s by the communist government of Czechoslovakia.

  6. Cross of Honor of the German Mother medal, 2nd Class Order, Silver Cross

    The Mother's Cross was instituted by the Nazi Party in 1938. It was first awarded in 1939 to some 3 million mothers as a propaganda measure to promote National Socialist population policy.

  7. Bookmark

  8. Jar containing bars of soap presented to an employee at the American Victory Foundation

  9. War Crimes Trials: Pohl Case

    (Munich 531) War Crimes Trials - Subsequent Trial Proceedings, Case 4 (Pohl Case), Nuremberg, Germany, March 10-12, 1947. Unidentified defense attorney at speaker's stand. HS, Judges on bench: Robert M. Toms presiding, Fitzroi Donald Phillips, Michael A. Musmanno, and John J. Speight. LS, MCU, Prosecutor James McHaney reading the indictment. McHaney mentions names of defendants: Oswald Pohl; August Frank; Georg Loerner; Hans Loerner; Heinz Karl Panslau; Joseph Vogt; Erwin Tachentachter; Rudolf Scheide; Max Kiefen; Eirenschmalz; Karl Sommer; Herman Cook; Hans Hohberg; Leo Volk; Karl Eathey; ...

  10. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 100 kronen note

    Scrip, valued at 100 kronen, issued in the Theresienstadt (Terezin) ghetto-labor camp in 1943. All currency was confiscated from deportees upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. The Theresienstadt camp existed for 3.5 years, from November 24, 1941 to May 9, 1945. It was located in a region of Czechoslovakia occupied by Germany, renamed the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, and made part of the Greater German Reich.

  11. Łódź (Litzmannstadt) ghetto scrip, 5 mark coin

    5 mark coin issued in the Łódź ghetto in Poland in 1943. Nazi Germany occupied Poland on September 1, 1940; Łódź was renamed Litzmannstadt and annexed to the German Reich. In February, the Germans forcibly relocated the large Jewish population into a sealed ghetto. All currency was confiscated in exchange for Quittungen [receipts] that could be exchanged only in the ghetto. The scrip and tokens were designed by the Judenrat [Jewish Council] and includes traditional Jewish symbols. The Germans closed the ghetto in the summer of 1944 by deporting the residents to concentration camps or killin...

  12. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 20 kronen note

    Scrip, valued at 20 kronen, issued in the Theresienstadt (Terezin) ghetto-labor camp in 1943. All currency was confiscated from deportees upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. The Theresienstadt camp existed for 3.5 years, from November 24, 1941 to May 9, 1945. It was located in a region of Czechoslovakia occupied by Germany, renamed the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, and made part of the Greater German Reich.

  13. Oral history interview with Avedis Melkonian

  14. Julius and Bertha Meyerowitz papers

    The Julius and Bertha Meyerowitz papers consists primarily of identification and immigration documents related to Julius and Bertha Meyerowitz, a Jewish couple that immigrated to the United States in 1942 to escape persecution in Germany. Included in the papers are birth and wedding certificates, documents related to Julius’ education and employment as a pharmacist, and passports. Also included are various documents the Meyerowitz’ family collected during the immigration process, such as boarding passes for their ship from Spain, alien registration cards, and certificates of health. The Jul...

  15. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 50 kronen note

    Scrip, valued at 50 kronen, issued in the Theresienstadt (Terezin) ghetto-labor camp in 1943. All currency was confiscated from deportees upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. The Theresienstadt camp existed for 3.5 years, from November 24, 1941 to May 9, 1945. It was located in a region of Czechoslovakia occupied by Germany, renamed the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, and made part of the Greater German Reich.

  16. Star of David badge with Juif printed in the center

    Jews in France were required to wear these on their outer clothing at all times after May 1942; badges were often cut from a pre-printed roll.

  17. Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp scrip, 20 kronen note

    Scrip, valued at 20 kronen, issued in the Theresienstadt (Terezin) ghetto-labor camp in 1943. All currency was confiscated from deportees upon entry and replaced with scrip and ration coupons that could be exchanged only in the camp. The Theresienstadt camp existed for 3.5 years, from November 24, 1941 to May 9, 1945. It was located in a region of Czechoslovakia occupied by Germany, renamed the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, and made part of the Greater German Reich.

  18. Lederer Collection

    The Leder collection consists of two documents regarding the ability to receive packages in Theresienstadt. The first is a document issued to Marie Lederer regarding her ability to receive packages in Theresienstadt from Irma Horner in Prague, July 20, 1944. The second document concerns the ability of Dr. Bernhard Mandl, in Theresienstadt, to receive packages from Rudla Kilian in Prague, September 16, 1944.

  19. Star of David badge with Juif printed in the center

  20. The Striker, October 1937, 15th year 1937 Der Stürmer (Nuremberg, Germany) [Newspaper]

    Issue of Der Stürmer, a viciously anti-Jewish newspaper published by Julius Streicher, an early Nazi Party member, from 1923-1945 in Germany. The newspaper's slogan was "Die Juden sind unser Unglück!" [The Jews are our misfortune]. The paper thrived on scandal, and preferred sensational stories of Jews committing disgusting, evil acts. It was also infamous for its antisemitic cartoons and staff cartoonist Fips. Streicher was arrested by the US Army in May 1945. He was tried by the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg, convicted, and executed per the ruling that his repeated articles...