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Displaying items 61 to 80 of 82
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Language of Description: English
Holding Institution: Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára

  1. Nyilas Képviselőház, 1944-1945 (Sopron)

    • The Arrow Cross Parliament, 1944-1945 (Sopron)

    After the botched attempt of Regent Miklós Horthy in mid-October 1944 to switch sides in the war, power in Hungary was taken over by the Arrow Cross who committed the country to the war effort on the side of Nazi Germany. The military situation deteriorated further for the Axis powers and by November the Arrow Cross leadership decided to move its seat westward from Budapest to the Hungarian-Austrian border area. The central offices of the leadership moved to Kőszeg while the sessions of the rump parliament were held in Sopron where they operated until March 1945. This collection contains do...

  2. Külügyminisztérium, Elnöki Osztály iratai

    • Records of the Presidential Department, Foreign MInistry

    Circular 15226 from 1919 established the scope of action for the Presidential Department of the Foreign Ministry. This scope consisted of setting the agenda and centrally administering the Ministry, organizing the diplomatic representation, employing the personnel of Hungarian foreign policy, assuring the acquisition of proper offices abroad as well as equiping and maintaining them, organizing foreign policy training related exams, preparing the etiquette for diplomats and consuls active in Hungary, deciding upon their rank and accommodation and, last but not least, taking care of letters o...

  3. Országos Zsidó Helyreállítási Alap iratai

    • Records of the National Jewish Rehabilitation Fund

    The National Jewish Rehabilitation Fund dealt with issues of restitution and compensation in Hungary. This collection contains decrees, studies, correspondence, memorandums, notes and background materials of the Rehabilitation Fund. It includes the correspondence of the National Jewish Rehabilitation Fund with a host of Hungarian Jewish individuals, with various Hungarian state authorities and other institutions regarding compensation and restitution. Individual claims that Hungarian Jewish survivors submitted to the Elhagyott Javak Kormánybiztosa (the Government Commissioner for Abandoned ...

  4. Népszövetségi képviselet és genfi főkonzulátus iratai, 1920-1945

    • Records of the Hungarian Agency at the League of Nations and the Consulate General in Geneva, 1920-1945

    Records of the Hungarian Agency at the League of Nations and its successor (from 1939), the Hungarian Consulate in Geneva, Switzerland, contain material concerning Hungarian Jews from 1920 to 1939. The overwhelming majority of the records are from 1938 and 1939. The most relevant parts of the collection include various reports concerning the “Jewish question”, Zionism and the Palestine problem between 1930 and 1939, comprehensive political reports, and general documents pertaining to Hungarian Jews, such as demographical statistics and charts, the memorandum of Foreign Minister Kálmán Kánya...

  5. Miniszterelnökség Nemzetiségi és kisebbségi osztály

    • Prime Minister’s Office Department of Nationalities and Minorities

    The most relevant part of the collection is thematic unit no. 222. entitled “Jewish matters” It contains records pertaining to anti-Jewish laws and decrees in Hungary and in foreign countries, as well as various types of documents on Jewish organizations, religious affairs and property issues. Besides, the collection includes other Jewish-related parts: Unit 13 contains files concerning the Anschluss (annexation of Austria to the Nazi Empire) in March 1938, including the cases of Hungarian-Austrian bilateral agreements and the complaints and other matters of Hungarian citizens in connection...

  6. Reményi-Schneller Lajos pénzügyminiszter iratai, 1938-1944

    • Records of Finance Minister Lajos Reményi-Schneller, 1938-1944

    The Hungarian Ministry of Finance was headed by Lajos Reményi-Schneller (1892-1946) between 1938 and 1944, i.e. Reményi-Schneller served in this position in the successive governments of Darányi, Imrédy, Teleki (his second term), Bárdossy, Kállay, Sztójay, Lakatos and Szálasi. Reményi-Schneller even held the position of economic superminister (gazdasági csúcsminiszter) in the governments of Teleki, Bárdossy and Kállay. His policies were strongly in favor of Nazi Germany during the war years. In 1946, he was sentenced to death and executed as part of the Sztójay-trial. The collection contain...

  7. Magyar Távirati Iroda iratai. Ügyviteli iratok (1920-1944)

    • Records of the Hungarian News Agency. Administrative documents (1920-1944)

    The collection of the administrative documents of the Hungarian Telegraph Agency contains the documents from the executive committee of the Hungarian Telegraph Agency, minutes of the meetings of its directorate, papers related to its economic matters and personnel questions as well as its correspondence. This last part of correspondence includes exchanges between the Hungarian Telegraph Agency and various other national and international telegraph agencies and reporters. Among others, there is correspondence with agencies in Berlin (1936-1939), Rome (1924-1936) and Vienna (1936-1938). The H...

  8. Vatikáni követség iratai, 1920-1944

    • Records of the Hungarian Embassy in the Vatican, 1920-1944

    The Hungarian Embassy in the Vatican was established in 1920 and represented the Hungarian state at the Holy See. It was neither a representative of the Hungarian churches, nor of the Roman Catholic Church and was therefore not a person belonging to the Church. He was sent by the Head of the Hungarian State and worked for the Foreign Ministry. The Ambassador was accredited at the Papacy, had to be reaccredited by each new Pope and had a canonical adviser as his aide. His main role was to represent the church policies of the Hungarian government, prepare the visits of Hungarian statesmen and...

  9. Külügyminiszter Kabinetjének iratai (1918-1944)

    • Records of the Cabinet of the Foreign Minister (1918-1944)

    The Cabinet of the Hungarian Foreign Ministry was responsible for presenting matters of foreign policy to the Council of Ministers as well as addressing internal matters that concerned the Foreign Minister as a member of the government. The Cabinet also prepared laws proposed in Parliament that belonged to the realm of foreign policy, parliamentary inquiries and ministerial decisions. The Cabinet also arranged meetings of foreigners with the Regent who did not have diplomatic status in Budapest. Last but not least, the Cabinet served as the secretariat of the Ministry.

  10. Ankarai követség iratai, 1924-1945

    • Records of the Hungarian Embassy in Ankara, 1924-1945

    Records of the Hungarian Embassy in Ankara, the capital city of neutral Turkey, that are relevant for the study of the history of the Holocaust include citizenship cases of Hungarian Jews, cases of Jews deprived of German citizenship, visa requests to enter as well as to leave Turkey, including the visa of emigrating Jews, records of extradition, records related to Jews expelled from Hungary, to the granting of diplomatic visa (such as that of Oscar Schindler). There are also birth, death, marriage and baptism certificates, documents of employment, of criminality, of settling in Turkey, inh...

  11. Amszterdami főkonzulátus iratai, 1924-1945

    • Records of the Hungarian Consulate General in Amsterdam, 1924-1945

    Records of the Hungarian Consulate General in Amsterdam, the capital city of Netherlands contain considerable material concerning Hungarian Jews, especially from the period 1938 to 1944, the era of anti-Jewish laws in Hungary and the Nazi occupation and the Holocaust in the Netherlands. Relevant parts of the collection include in large quantities citizenship cases and visa-related documents of the Hungarian Jews residing in the Netherlands. After the German occupation in May 1940, Jews were subjected to various anti-Jewish measures. In this context different types of records can be found in...

  12. Népbíróságok Országos Tanácsa, 1945-1950

    • National Council of People’s Courts, 1945-1950

    Documents of the People’s Courts are among the most significant sources pertaining to the interwar and wartime history of Hungary as well as the Holocaust. The materials include trials against former prime ministers, several ministers, undersecretaties of state and other protagonists of the anti-Jewish policies as well as the direct perpetrators of murders and other atrocities against labour servicemen and Jewish civilians, trials against members of the Arrow Cross, the Volksbund, gendarmerie and various other pro-Nazi organizations and institutions, journalists, informants, beneficiaries o...

  13. Kormányzó félhivatalos iratai

    • Semi-official Records of the Regent

    The collection holds the semi-official diplomatic records as well as private and family documents of Miklós Horthy, the Regent of Hungary between 1919 and 1944. The collection is divided into two main thematic groups: Records related to Internal Affairs and Foreign Affairs (I-II.) Files with relevance to the history of Hungarian Jews and the Holocaust include the letters of Prime Ministers Bethlen, Gömbös, Teleki and Bárdossy to Horthy (I.B), memorandum of the policy of the Imrédy government (I.C), various pro memoriae and letters on political parties and problems (I.D) and letters and prop...

  14. Grazi konzulátus iratai, 1928-1945

    • Records of the Hungarian Consulate in Graz, 1928-1945

    Records of the Hungarian Consulate in Graz, the capital of the federal Austrian state of Styria contain considerable material concerning Hungarian Jews, especially from the months following the annexation of Austria by Nazi Germany in March 1938. The bulk of the material documents the efforts of Hungarian authorities to secure the assets of the Hungarian Jews living in Nazi-occupied Austria. These records include various registries and reports concerning the property of the Hungarian Jews in Styria, documents on German-Hungarian negotiations on the wealth of Hungarian Jews and other anti-Je...

  15. Külügyminisztérium Jogi osztály iratai, 1918-1945

    • Foreign Ministry Records of the Legal Department, 1918-1945

    The records in the collection from 1919-1923 are organized by date and topics. The most relevant topics from this period include internment, expulsion and passport issues and name change cases. The localization of Jewish-related cases requires item-level investigation. This part of the material also includes a fascicle containing complaints, petitions and reports concerning atrocities committed by the troops and paramilitary forces of Miklós Horthy’s National Army in 1919 (Fasc. 13.) The material from the years 1924-1945 is organized by countries. The most relevant part of the collection is...

  16. Képviselőház és nemzetgyűlés, 1861-1944: Elnöki és általános iratok

    • Lower House of Parliament and National Assembly, 1861-1944: Presidential and General Records

    The Lower House of the Hungarian Parliament was a centrally important stage for debates about the political behaviour, socioeconomic position and legal status of Jews in the late 1930s and early 1940s. The Hungarian Parliament was responsible for worsening anti-Semitic legislation in these years that gradually withdrew Jewish emancipation. The opinion that gained the upper hand in the parliamentary debates viewed Jews as a group opposed to the interests Hungariandom and was to define Jewry as a racial entity. The laws enacted gravely restricted the opportunities of Jewish citizens and incre...

  17. Halla Aurél államtitkár iratai

    • Records of State Secretary Aurél Halla

    The overwhelming majority of the records of the Ministry of Trade and Transportation were destroyed during the siege of Budapest in 1944-45, when the main building of the ministry was destroyed by bomb attack. Therefore, the records of the ministry survived in other collections have special relevance for the study of the economic anti-Jewish policies in Hungary. State Secretary Aurél Halla was one of the key persons in the Ministry of Trade and Transportation responsible for the planning and implementation anti-Jewish legislation. Halla also worked for various companies, and he was an activ...

  18. Párizsi Főkonzulátus

    • Records of the Hungarian Chief Consulate in Paris

    Records of the Hungarian Chief Consulate in Paris, in Nazi-occupied France that are relevant for the study of the history of the Holocaust mostly concern issues of citizenship. There are documents related to hundreds of such cases, several of which even have photos of the individuals concerned. Moreover, there are birth, marriage, baptism and death certificates of Hungarian Jews (the former also serving as proofs of origin), matters related to their passports (including certificates of the return of one’s town of residence to Hungary) and entry permits. There are more general reports on Hun...

  19. Külügyminisztérium, Külföldön élő magyar állampolgárok gondozását ellátó osztály

    • Foreign Ministry, Department for Attending Hungarian Citizens Abroad

    A moot question in the study of the Holocaust in Hungary is how the Hungarian state related to its Jewish citizens who resided in other European countries either occupied by or allied to the Nazis during the implementation of the Holocaust starting in 1941-1942 but before the mass deportations from Hungary in 1944. Two central questions concern how far the Hungarian state aimed to protect them and how it related to their property. The records of the Foreign Ministry’s Department for Attending Hungarian Citizens Abroad contain documents regarding the tackling of social and cultural issues of...

  20. Nyilas Külügyminisztérium

    • Records of the Arrow-Cross Ministry of Foreign Affairs

    A main but failed ambition of the Arrow Cross government of Hungary that acquired power through a German-backed putsch in mid-October 1944 was to gain diplomatic recognition. Even though the Arrow Cross government pursued a pro-German policy in the war, its ambition to acquire international recognition influenced a number of its policy choices and this included the treatment of Hungary's remaining Jewish population. Hungarian Jews were murdered in thousands in Budapest and tens of thousands of them were forced on deadly marched westwards but they who were no longer systematically deported a...