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Displaying items 10,161 to 10,180 of 10,553
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Language of Description: English

  1. Large black plastic comb used by a Polish Jewish girl living with an assumed identity

    1. Renia Sperber Perel collection

    Large black plastic comb used by 11 year old Renia Sperber when she escaped Malnow, Poland (Malinovka, Lvivska oblast, Ukraine), on December 4, 1941, with her 13 year old sister, Henia, following the invasion by Nazi Germany that June. The Perel's home was broken into by Ukrainians who beat their father, Georg, and the family lived in hiding throughout the summer. In December, Renia and Henia obtained false papers as non-Jewish Ukrainians and left for labor service in Germany. They were assigned to Lampersmuhle textile factory near Kaiserslautern, escaped, but were captured and sent to work...

  2. Floral print skirt worn by a Polish Jewish girl living with an assumed identity

    1. Renia Sperber Perel collection

    Print skirt worn by 11 year old Renia Sperber when she escaped Malnow, Poland (Malinovka, Lvivska oblast, Ukraine), on December 4, 1941, with her 13 year old sister, Henia, following the invasion by Nazi Germany that June. The Perel's home was broken into by Ukrainians who beat their father, Georg, and the family lived in hiding throughout the summer. In December, Renia and Henia obtained false papers as non-Jewish Ukrainians and left for labor service in Germany. They were assigned to Lampersmuhle textile factory near Kaiserslautern, escaped, but were captured and sent to work on separate ...

  3. Short sleeved smock with tassels and floral embroidery worn by a Polish Jewish girl living with an assumed identity

    1. Renia Sperber Perel collection

    Embroidered blouse worn by 11 year old Renia Sperber when she escaped Malnow, Poland (Malinovka, Lvivska oblast, Ukraine), on December 4, 1941, with her 13 year old sister, Henia, following the invasion by Nazi Germany that June. The Perel's home was broken into by Ukrainians who beat their father, Georg, and the family lived in hiding throughout the summer. In December, Renia and Henia obtained false papers as non-Jewish Ukrainians and left for labor service in Germany. They were assigned to Lampersmuhle textile factory near Kaiserslautern, escaped, but were captured and sent to work on se...

  4. Small, handmade, palm leaf cross carried by Anthony Acevedo as a medic and POW

    1. Anthony Acevedo collection

    Palm leaf cross that provided comfort to 20-year-old Anthony Acevedo when he was a US Army medic and a German prisoner of war in the Berga an der Elster slave labor camp from December 1944-April 1945. He made the small cross from palm leaves during Palm Sunday before he was deployed to Europe. Tony was a Mexican American and Catholic who enlisted in the US Army in 1943. He was a medic in Company B, 275th regiment, 70th Infantry Division. In January 1945, the company surrendered to the German Army during the Battle of the Bulge. They were sent to a prisoner of war camp, Stalag IX-B, in Bad O...

  5. Partizanska spomenica medal awarded to a Macedonian Jewish partisan woman

    1. Jamila Kolonomos collection

    Partizanska spomenica medal awarded to Jamila (Zamila) Kolonomos for her service as a partisan during the Axis occupation of Yugoslavia from 1941-1945. Of the 27,629 medals awarded, only 12 of them went to Jews who, like Jamila, were from Bitola. The medal was first instituted in 1943, and the design revised to this version in 1945. On April 6, 1941, the Axis powers, Germany, Italy, Hungary, and Bulgaria, invaded and partitioned Yugoslavia. The Macedonian region, including Bitola where Jamila and her family lived, was occupied by Bulgaria. Jamila worked with resistance groups to fight the o...

  6. Orden Bratstva I Jedinstva Sa Zlatnim Vengem awarded to a Macedonian Jewish partisan woman

    1. Jamila Kolonomos collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn43777
    • English
    • 1941-1945
    • a: Depth: 0.500 inches (1.27 cm) b: Height: 7.125 inches (18.098 cm) | Width: 4.750 inches (12.065 cm) | Depth: 1.875 inches (4.763 cm) d: Height: 0.375 inches (0.953 cm) | Width: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm) | Depth: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm)

    Order of Brotherhood and Unity medal awarded to Jamila (Zamila) Kolonomos in 1950, in recognition of her service as a partisan during the Axis occupation of Yugoslavia from 1941-1945. The medal was awarded to both citizens and foreigners for creation and promotion of brotherhood and unity when resistance was divided by politics, nationality, and other factors. On April 6, 1941, the Axis powers, Germany, Italy, Hungary, and Bulgaria, invaded and partitioned Yugoslavia. The Macedonian region, including Bitola where Jamila and her family lived, was occupied by Bulgaria. Jamila worked with resi...

  7. Orden Zasluge Za Narod awarded to a Macedonian Jewish partisan woman

    1. Jamila Kolonomos collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn43776
    • English
    • 1941-1945
    • a: Height: 1.625 inches (4.128 cm) | Width: 1.625 inches (4.128 cm) | Depth: 0.375 inches (0.953 cm) | Diameter: 1.700 inches (4.318 cm) b: Height: 7.250 inches (18.415 cm) | Width: 5.125 inches (13.018 cm) | Depth: 1.625 inches (4.128 cm) c: Height: 0.315 inches (0.8 cm) | Width: 1.457 inches (3.701 cm)

    Yugoslav Order of Merit to the Nation (People), 3rd class, awarded to Jamila (Zamila) Kolonomos in recognition of her service as a partisan during the Axis occupation of Yugoslavia from 1941-1945. The medal was awarded to those who distinguished themselves in the struggle for liberation and merit in securing and organizing the Yugoslav government and army, and for achievement in the economic, cultural and social spheres. On April 6, 1941, the Axis powers, Germany, Italy, Hungary, and Bulgaria, invaded and partitioned Yugoslavia. The Macedonian region, including Bitola where Jamila and her f...

  8. Medallion and box awarded to a Macedonian Jewish partisan woman

    1. Jamila Kolonomos collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn43759
    • English
    • 1944-1969
    • a: Height: 5.375 inches (13.653 cm) | Width: 4.750 inches (12.065 cm) | Depth: 1.000 inches (2.54 cm) | Diameter: 2.800 inches (7.112 cm) b: Height: 4.750 inches (12.065 cm) | Width: 4.750 inches (12.065 cm) | Depth: 1.000 inches (2.54 cm)

    Medallion awarded to Jamila (Zamila) Kolonomos by the Women’s Anti-Fascist Front of Macedonia (AFZ). The organization was formed in 1944 with the goal of improving schooling for females and increasing involvement of women in politics and promoting women’s rights. Many of the members of the organization fought as partisans during World War II. On April 6, 1941, the Axis powers, Germany, Italy, Hungary, and Bulgaria, invaded and partitioned Yugoslavia. The Macedonian region, including Bitola where Jamila and her family lived, was occupied by Bulgaria. Jamila worked with resistance groups to f...

  9. SUBNOR medallion awarded to a Macedonian Jewish partisan woman

    1. Jamila Kolonomos collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn43766
    • English
    • 1941-1945
    • a: Depth: 0.125 inches (0.318 cm) | Diameter: 2.375 inches (6.033 cm) b: Height: 4.000 inches (10.16 cm) | Width: 4.000 inches (10.16 cm) | Depth: 1.000 inches (2.54 cm)

    Medallion awarded to Jamila (Zamila) Kolonomos by SUBNOR in Yugoslavia, an organization formed in 1961 in Yugoslavia, by merging the Combat Union of War Veterans, the Association of War Officers, and Associations of Reserve Officers and Sub-Officers. The goal of this organization was to preserve the heritage of the war, participation in the reconstruction of the country and aid disabled veterans, and the families of the deceased. On April 6, 1941, the Axis powers, Germany, Italy, Hungary, and Bulgaria, invaded and partitioned Yugoslavia. The Macedonian region, including Bitola where Jamila ...

  10. Luggage tag used by a Jewish refugee from Vienna during his emigration

    1. Fred Israel Morgan collection

    Stamped paper luggage tag used by 29 year old Israel Morgenstern when he and his family fled from Vienna to the United States in February 1939. A few months after Germany annexed Austria in March 1938, Israel, who lived with his parents Isak and Taube, and sister Herta, escaped Vienna for France. He was arrested, jailed, and deported to Germany, where he was sent to Dachau concentration camp. After six weeks, he returned home. The family left Germany in February 1939 and settled in New York. Israel changed his name to Fred Morgan. In late 1951, he met his future wife, Catherina Ilkovic, who...

  11. Watercolor of sailboats of Jewish refugees painted by a Jewish woman artist

    1. Ava Kadishson Schieber collection

    Watercolor of sailboats on the Danube River painted by Ava Hegedish in 1941, just before or while living in hiding near Belgrade, Yugoslavia. The painting depicts the ships filled with Jewish refugees from Austria, Germany, and Czechoslovakia that she saw anchored in the middle of the river in the late 1930s-early 1940s. They were not permitted to enter port and were forced to continue their journey to the Black Sea where Ava believed they perished. She thought of them as ghost ships. The Jewish community sent food and clothing to the ships, and sometimes the students who delivered the supp...

  12. Fantasy sketch of a figure running to a tree by a Jewish teen in hiding

    1. Ava Kadishson Schieber collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn33646
    • English
    • overall: Height: 9.000 inches (22.86 cm) | Width: 12.000 inches (30.48 cm) pictorial area: Height: 6.500 inches (16.51 cm) | Width: 7.750 inches (19.685 cm)

    Pencil drawing of a large leafless tree and a mysterious figure drawn by Ava Hegedish at the farm where she lived in hiding from spring 1941 to October 1944 near Belgrade, Yugoslavia (now Serbia.) In April 1941, Germany and the Axis partners partitioned Yugoslavia. Belgrade was under German control. Jews were ordered to register, and Ava's father Leo decided the family's best chance of survival was to separate and go into hiding. He returned to Novy Sad. Ava's mother got false papers and remained in Belgrade with Ava's older sister Susanna, who married her Greek Orthodox fiance. The fiance ...

  13. Portrait of her mother reading a book by a Jewish artist

    1. Ava Kadishson Schieber collection

    Pencil drawing of her mother, Beatrice Hegedish, drawn by Ava Hegedish, ca. 1942-1943, on one of their rare visits in Belgrade during the war after the family went into hiding in spring 1941. In April 1941, Nazi Germany and its Axis partners partitioned Yugoslavia. Belgrade was under German control. Ava's father Leo decided the family's best chance of survival was to separate and go into hiding. He returned to Novy Sad; her mother and her sister Susanna remained in Belgrade. Susanna's Greek Orthodox husband had Serbian relatives with a farm near Belgrade and they agreed to take in Ava, then...

  14. Self portrait with braids by a Jewish teenager in hiding

    1. Ava Kadishson Schieber collection

    Self portrait drawn by Ava Hegedish at the farm where she lived in hiding from spring 1941 to October 1944 near Belgrade, Yugoslavia (now Serbia.) In April 1941, Nazi Germany and its Axis partners partitioned Yugoslavia. Belgrade was under German control. Ava's father Leo decided the family's best chance of survival was to separate and go into hiding. He returned to Novy Sad; her mother and her sister Susanna remained in Belgrade. Susanna's Greek Orthodox husband had Serbian relatives with a farm near Belgrade and they agreed to take in Ava, then 15. She did farm labor and lived in this she...

  15. FFI Free French pin engraved 193476 awarded to a Jewish resistance member

    1. Yvonne Rothschild Redgis and Gertrude Fraenkel (Fränkel) family collection

    FFI (Forces Francaises de l'Interieur/ French Forces of the Interior) pin awarded to Yvonne Klug by the Committee of Liberation on July 7, 1946, for her acts of resistance against the German occupiers of France. Yvonne was imprisoned for her resistance activities in France and in Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp from 1943-1945. FFI was a confederation of French resistance organizations. The pin is engraved with the number 193476 and features the double barred Cross of Lorraine, a symbol of the resistance. France surrendered to and was occupied by Nazi Germany in June 1940. Yvonne was a...

  16. Yellow Star of David badge worn by a Belgian Jew

    1. Menachem and Ita Blinbaum Konkowski families collection

    Yellow cloth Star of David badge with the letter J. worn by either Menachem or Ita Blinbaum Konkowski in Brussels, Belgium, from 1942-1944. Belgium was conquered by Nazi Germany in May 1940. The Germans enacted anti-Jewish legislation to persecute the Jewish population. In 1942, Jews were required to wear Judenstern on their outer clothing at all times to mark them as Jews and outcasts from Belgian society. Beginning in late 1941, Menachem, under the alias, Moliere, organized a Jewish resistance group, also called Moliere, the 9th Brigade of the Belgian Nationalist Movement in Uccle, a civi...

  17. Belgian Nationalist Movement enamel buttonhole pin with the golden lion emblem worn by a Jewish resistance fighter

    1. Menachem and Ita Blinbaum Konkowski families collection

    Enamel buttonhole pin with emblems of the MNB (Mouvement National Belge) and BNB (Belgisch National Beweging) worn by Menachem Konkowski, a Jewish resistance fighter in Belgium, during the German occupation. Belgium was conquered by Nazi Germany in May 1940. The Germans enacted anti-Jewish legislation to persecute the Jewish population. Beginning in late 1941, Menachem, under the alias, Moliere, organized a Jewish resistance group, also called Moliere, the 9th Brigade of the Belgian Nationalist Movement in Uccle, a civil resistance organization. His unit committed acts of sabotage against t...

  18. Pair of pinwheel shaped cuff links with ribbon covering owned by a Jewish resistance fighter

    1. Menachem and Ita Blinbaum Konkowski families collection
    • United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
    • irn82324
    • English
    • a: Depth: 0.500 inches (1.27 cm) | Diameter: 0.625 inches (1.588 cm) b: Depth: 0.500 inches (1.27 cm) | Diameter: 0.625 inches (1.588 cm) c: Height: 1.230 inches (3.124 cm) | Width: 2.125 inches (5.398 cm)

    Set of ribbon covered pinwheel shaped metal cuff links owned by Menachem Konkowski, a Jewish resistance fighter in Belgium, during the German occupation. The cuff links are covered in the type of fabric used to make ties at the textile factory owned by his in-laws, Michael and Yechoved Blinbaum. They had to abandon their factory and go into hiding in 1942. Menachem had their stock and materials removed and hidden, which made it possible for them to immediately restart their business after the war. Belgium was conquered by Nazi Germany in May 1940. The Germans enacted anti-Jewish legislation...

  19. Single pinwheel shaped cuff link with ribbon covering owned by a Jewish resistance fighter

    1. Menachem and Ita Blinbaum Konkowski families collection

    One ribbon covered pinwheel shaped cuff link owned by Menachem Konkowski, a Jewish resistance fighter in Belgium, during the German occupation. The cuff link is covered in the type of fabric used to make ties at the textile factory owned by his in-laws, Michael and Yechoved Blinbaum. They had to abandon their factory and go into hiding in 1942. Menachem had their stock and materials removed and hidden, which made it possible for them to immediately restart their business after the war. Belgium was conquered by Nazi Germany in May 1940. The Germans enacted anti-Jewish legislation to persecut...

  20. Belgian Nationalist Movement armband with an attached ribbon, BNB patch and star pin worn by a Jewish resistance fighter

    1. Menachem and Ita Blinbaum Konkowski families collection

    Belgian Nationalist Movement white cloth armband with three attached insignia worn by Menachem Konkowski, a Jewish resistance fighter in Belgium, during the German occupation. Attached to the armband are a black, yellow, red striped ribbon, a shield shaped patch with an embroidered ribbon and lion, and a 6 pointed star pin. Belgium was conquered by Nazi Germany in May 1940. The Germans enacted anti-Jewish legislation to persecute the Jewish population. Beginning in late 1941, Menachem, under the alias, Moliere, organized a Jewish resistance group, also called Moliere, the 9th Brigade of the...