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Displaying items 1 to 20 of 5,115
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Authority Type: Corporate Body

  1. THe British Milltary court in Hamburg

    War Criminals Trials

  2. Комитет государственной безопасности

    • Committee for State Security
    • KGB
    • Komitet gosudarstvennoy bezopasnosti
    • КГБ

    The KGB was the main security agency for the Soviet Union from 1954 until its collapse in 1991. Formed in 1954 as a direct successor of such preceding agencies as Cheka, NKGB, and MGB, the committee was attached to the Council of Ministers. It was the chief government agency of "union-republican jurisdiction", acting as internal security, intelligence, and secret police. Similar agencies were instated in each of the republics of the Soviet Union aside from Russia and consisted of many ministries, state committees, and state commissions.

  3. Объединённое государственное политическое управление при СНК СССР

    • The Joint State Political Directorate
    • The All-Union State Political Administration
    • Obyedinyonnoye gosudarstvennoye politicheskoye upravleniye pri SNK SSSR
    • ОГПУ
    • OGPU

    The OGPU was the secret police of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1934. Its official name was "Joint State Political Directorate under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR"

  4. Suomen Punaisen Ristin Sotavankitoimisto

    • Finnish Red Cross POW Office

    The Finnish Red Cross established its POW Office in 1939 to collect data concerning the POWs during the Winter War, and later during the Continuation War. The office was established on the ground of the Geneva Conventions on the treatment of POWs. In the years 1939-1944 Finland held in custody around 70,000 Soviet POWs. Approximately 470 of them were Jewish. During the continuation war (1941-1944) the rate of mortality in the camps was very high, up to 30%. Around 2500 POWs were extradited to the Germans. Within the extradited there were 55 Jews. Two of them were returned to the Finnish aut...

  5. Главное управление государственной безопасности

    • The Main Directorate of State Security
    • Glavnoe Upravlenie Gosudarstvennoi Bezopasnosti
    • ГУГБ
    • GUGB

    The Main Directorate of State Security was the name of the Soviet intelligence service, secret police from July 1934 to April 1943. It was run under the auspices of the Peoples Commissariat of Internal Affairs (NKVD).

  6. Народный комиссариат внутренних дел

    • The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs
    • Narodnyy Komissariat Vnutrennikh Del
    • НКВД
    • NKVD

    1917-1946

    The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs was a law enforcement agency of the Soviet Union that directly executed the rule of power of the All Union Communist Party. It was closely associated with the Soviet secret police, which at times was part of the agency, and is known for its political repression during the era of Joseph Stalin. The NKVD contained the regular, public police force of the USSR, including traffic police, firefighting, border guards and archives. It is best known for the activities of the Gulag. The NKVD conducted mass extrajudicial executions, ran the Gulag system o...

  7. Министерство государственной безопасности

    • The Ministry of State Security
    • Ministerstvo Gosudarstvennoi Bezopasnosti
    • МГБ
    • MGB

    1946-1953

    The Ministry of State Security was the name of an intelligence agency from 1946 to 1953. The MGB essentially inherited the “secret police” function of the old NKVD, conducting espionage and counterespionage, as well as enacting a policy of supervision and surveillance to keep control and to prevent disloyalty. After the war, the MGB was used to bring the newly acquired Eastern Bloc under Soviet control. It enforced rigid conformity in the satellite states of Eastern Europe and infiltrated and destroyed anticommunist, anti-Soviet, or independent groups.

  8. Valtiollinen poliisi

    • Finnish State Police
    • Valpo
    • Etsivä keskuspoliisi

    In 1919 Etsivä keskuspoliisi (Detective Central Police) was established. In 1937 it was transformed into Valtiollinen poliisi, or Valpo (the Finnish State Police). The main task of the State Police was to control public order, to prevent political subversion, and to monitor foreigners in Finland. The police’s action was directed mainly against the political left, the underground Communist Party, the trade unions and workers’ organizations. During the war time Valpo cooperated with the German security police. After the war, due to political changes, Valpo became left-wing oriented. For this ...

  9. Einsatzkommando der Sicherheitspolizei und des SD beim AOK Norwegen, Befehlsstelle Finnland

    • Einsatzkommando Finnland

    In 1941, as Finland joined the German assault on the Soviet Union, together with the Finnish Security Police, the RSHA set up a previously unknown special unit, the Einsatzkommando Finnland, entrusted with the destruction of the perceived ideological and racial enemies on the northernmost part of the German Eastern Front. Joint actions in northern Finland led also members of the Finnish State Police to become participants in mass murders of Communists and Jews. Post-war criminal investigations into war crimes cases involving former security police personnel were invariably stymied because o...

  10. Suomalainen Waffen-SS-vapaaehtoispataljoona

    • Finnisches Freiwilligen-Bataillon der Waffen-SS
    • Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen-SS

    The Finnish Waffen-SS battalion was established in the spring of 1941. Approximately 1,400 Finnish volunteers joined the battalion. The soldiers participated in the campaigns on the Eastern Front, in Ukraine and the Caucasus. In 1943 the battalion was dissolved.

  11. Deutsches Staatsministerium für Böhmen und Mähren

    • Německé státní ministerstvo pro Čechy a Moravu
    • German State Ministry for Bohemia and Moravia

    The Deutsches Staatsministerium für Böhmen und Mähren was based on the Fuehrer's edict from 1943-08-20. It largely adopted the tasks of the Amt des Reichsprotektors in Böhmen und Mähren. The power of the new and last Reichsprotektor Wilhem Frick (1877-1946) was reduced to mainly representative functions. The Deutsches Staatsministerium für Böhmen und Mähren was under the direction of Karl Hermann Frank (1898-1946), the former State secretary at the Reichsprotektor in Böhmen und Mähren.

  12. Staatssekretär beim Reichsprotektor in Böhmen und Mähren

    • Státní tajemník u říšského protektora v Čechách a na Moravě
    • Secretary of State at the Reich Protector in Bohemia and Moravia

    Hitler promoted Karl Hermann Frank to SS-Gruppenführer and appointed Secretary of State of the Reich Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia under Reich Protector Konstantin von Neurath. Although nominally under Neurath, Frank wielded great power in the Protectorate. In autumn 1941 on Hitler's orders Konstantin von Neurath was replaced by Reinhard Heydrich as Reichsprotektor. After the successful assassination of Reinhard Heydrich in May 1942 Kurt Daluege was appointed as the new Reichsprotektor. Karl Hermann Frank was during all that time in function of the Secretary of State. Even after Augus...

  13. Reichsprotektor in Böhmen und Mähren

    • Říšský protektor v Čechách a na Moravě
    • Reich Protector in Bohemia and Moravia

    March 1939 to May 1945

    After the military Occupation on 1939-03-15 and the establishment of the Reichsprotektorat Böhmen und Mähren the mainly Czech population was guaranteed autonomy. The last Czechoslovak President Emil Hácha stayed formally head of state. Real power was vested in the Reichsprotektor, whose task was to represent the "interests" of the German state. First Reichsprotektor became Konstantin Freiherr von Neurath. He was followed 1941-09-27 by Reinhard Heydrich, 1942-05-31 by Kurt Daluege and 1943-08-20 by Wilhelm Frick.

  14. Generalkommandant der uniformierten Protektoratspolizei

    • Generální velitel uniformované protektorátní policie
    • General Commander of the Uniformed Police in the Protectorate

    Based on the decree of Reinhard Heydrich since 1st of July 1942 the security services in the protectorate Bohemia and Moravia were new organized. Uniformed police forces like the Gendarmerie, the Order Police (Ordnungspolizei/Pořadková policie) and the Municipal police (Stadtpolizei/Městská policie) were reorganized into the "Uniformed Protectorate police" (Uniformierte Protektoratspolizei/Uniformované protektorátní policie), which were in the Ministery of Interior under the supervison of the General Commander of the Uniformed Protectorate police (Generalkommandant der uniformierten Protekt...

  15. Oberfeldkommandantur 396

    • Headquarters of Higher Field Command Number 396

  16. The Institute for Care of Refugees

    • Ústav pro péči o uprchlíky

    1938 - 1940

    The Institute took care of refugees from Czechoslovak territories occupied by Nazi in 1938 and also of those people (mostly foreigners) who were fleeing before Nacism from 1933. The Institute helped with finding a temporary accomodation, food and medical care. It also provided financial help and tried to integrate refugees in the society again.

  17. Central Location Index

    • CLI

    The Central Location Index (CLI) was established by various relief organizations in May 1944. The goal of the CLI was to concentrate data regarding refugees and those missing.

  18. Oberlandrat in Mährisch Ostrau

    • Oberlandrát Moravská Ostrava
    • Vrchní zemský rada v Moravské Ostravě

    After the occupation of Bohemia and Moravia on 15th of March 1939 by the Wehrmacht and the erection of the Protectorate the area was for administrative purposes divided into Bohemia and Moravia. Each of these was further subdivided into Oberlandratsbezirke, each comprising a number of districts (Bezirke). The position as Oberlandrat was 1939-06/1942/8 occupied by Karl von Rumohr, who was replaced by Gustav Jonak.

  19. Budapesti Segélyező és Mentőbizottság

    • Budapest Relief and Rescue Committee
    • Vaadat ha’ Ezra ve’ha’Hatzalah
    • Vaada

    An illegal Hungarian Zionist relief organization founded in 1942–1943 for the rescue, hiding, and support of Jews fleeing from neighboring countries. Its most renowned members were Executive Director Ottó Komoly, Executive Vice Director Rezső Kasztner, Joel Brand and his wife Hansi, Mózes (Moshe) Schweiger and Ernő Szilágyi. After the German occupation of Hungary the Vaada initiated negotiations with the SS in order to rescue Hungarian Jews.

  20. Організація Українських Націоналістів

    • Orhanizatsiya Ukrayins'kykh Natsionalistiv
    • Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN)
    • ОУН

    The Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN)was a Ukrainian political organization created in 1929 in Western Ukraine (at the time interwar Poland). The OUN emerged as a union between the Ukrainian Military Organization, smaller radical right-wing groups, and right-wing Ukrainian nationalists and intellectuals. In 1940, the OUN split into two parts. The older, more moderate members, supported Andriy Melnyk (OUN-M) while the younger and more radical members supported Stepan Bandera (OUN-B). The OUN-B declared an independent Ukrainian state in June 1941, while the region was under the con...